Iowa darter

Description

Etheostoma exile (Iowa darter) is a species of freshwater fish in the perch family (Percidae) of order Perciformes.The Iowa darter,along with about 17 other species of darters,is native to the lakes and streams of Iowa.In some parts of its range,the Iowa darter is also known as the weed darter,red-sided darter,or yellowbelly.Iowa darters,like many other darters,are about 2-3 in (51–76 mm) in length and may be easily confused with other darters of similar color.The Iowa darter has a very slim,small body.Its common length is around 5.5 cm and its maximum age is three years.It has a small mouth and snout with scaled opercles and cheeks,two dorsal fins,one which is a spinous-rayed fin and another soft-rayed fin.Its caudal fin is squarish and the pectoral fins and pelvic fins are located close to each other behind the gills.It has an anal fin with two (rarely one) spines and an incomplete lateral line.The male and female Iowa darters have different color patterns.During breeding,males are olivaceous dorsally with darker splotches across the top of their backs.Their sides are red with blue rectangular blotches and ventrally they are whitish with a dark wedge shape below the eyes.The bottom half of the spiny dorsal fin has blue spots between the spines and above the spots is a succession of three bands,orange on the bottom,clear in the middle,and then blue on the outside.Females are olive-brown dorsally with darker splotches across the top of their backs.Their sides are mottled and fade into a silver-white on their bellies.They also have a dark wedge shape below the eyes that is well developed.