Angiosperms (Flowering Plants) • Earth.com

Oglethorpe oak

(Quercus oglethorpensis)

galery
en

Description

Quercus oglethorpensis (also called Oglethorpe oak) is a species of plant in the beech family. It is endemic to the United States. It is named for Oglethorpe County, Georgia, where it was first discovered. The county, in turn, is named for James Oglethorpe, the founder of Georgia Colony in the 18th century. Quercus oglethorpensis is a tree growing to approximately 25 meters (83 feet) in height, with a diameter at breast height of about 80 centimetres (31 inches). The bark is white or pale gray. The leaves are narrowly elliptical, up to 15 cm (6 in) long, usually flat rather than cupped, usually with no lobes. Quercus oglethorpensis is endemic to the southeastern United States, found only in the Piedmont of Georgia and South Carolina, and in Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi. This species is commonly affected by chestnut blight. An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus ("oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably Lithocarpus (stone oaks), as well as in those of unrelated species such as Grevillea robusta (silky oaks) and the Casuarinaceae (she-oaks). The genus Quercus is native to the Northern Hemisphere, and includes deciduous and evergreen species extending from cool temperate to tropical latitudes in the Americas, Asia, Europe, and North Africa. North America has the largest number of oak species, with approximately 160 species in Mexico of which 109 are endemic and about 90 in the United States. The second greatest area of oak diversity is China, with approximately 100 species. Oaks have spirally arranged leaves, with lobate margins in many species; some have serrated leaves or entire leaves with smooth margins. Many deciduous species are marcescent, not dropping dead leaves until spring. In spring, a single oak tree produces both male flowers (in the form of catkins) and small female flowers, meaning that the trees are monoecious. The fruit is a nut called an acorn or oak nut borne in a cup-like structure known as a cupule; each acorn contains one seed (rarely two or three) and takes 6–18 months to mature, depending on their species. The acorns and leaves contain tannic acid, which helps to guard from fungi and insects. The live oaks are distinguished for being evergreen, but are not actually a distinct group and instead are dispersed across the genus.

Taxonomic tree:

Domain:
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order:Fagales
Family:Fagaceae
Genus:Quercus
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