Angiosperms (Flowering Plants) • Earth.com

Jadwar

(Delphinium denudatum)

galery
en

Description

Delphinium denudatum is a species of wildflower in the genus Delphinium, native to Central Asia. Delphinium denudatum is found on the outer ranges of western Himalayas of Nepal and in India from Kashmir to Kumaon at a height between 8000 and 12000 feet above sea level. It is one of the important drugs used as indigenous medicine in India, especially in Unani medicine. Its vernacular name is Jadwar. The roots of the plant are reported to be useful in a variety of ailments such as aconite poisoning, brain diseases, fungal infection, piles and toothache as analgesic and astringent. A number of studies have been done on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. Its use in opium addiction is mentioned in some classical literature, which has been verified and validated in morphine-induced physical dependent de-addiction studies. Some species are reported to have been poisonous.<ref> Human Poisoning due to Delphinium Species in the Himalayan Region of Nepal: A Case Report Santosh Adhikari et al. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2020. Delphinium is a genus of about 300 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native throughout the Northern Hemisphere and also on the high mountains of tropical Africa. The genus was erected by Carl Linnaeus. All members of the genus Delphinium are toxic to humans and livestock. The common name larkspur is shared between perennial Delphinium species and annual species of the genus Consolida. Molecular data show that Consolida, as well as another segregate genus, Aconitella, are both embedded in Delphinium. The genus name Delphinium derives from the Ancient Greek word δελφίνιον (delphínion) which means "dolphin", a name used in De Materia Medica for some kind of larkspur. Pedanius Dioscorides said the plant got its name because of its dolphin-shaped flowers. Species with short stems and few flowers such as Delphinium nuttallianum and Delphinium bicolor appear in habitats like prairies and the sagebrush steppe. Tall and robust species with many flowers, such as Delphinium occidentale, appear more often in forests. The leaves are deeply lobed with three to seven toothed, pointed lobes in a palmate shape. The main flowering stem is erect, and varies greatly in size between the species, from 10 centimetres in some alpine species, up to 2 m tall in the larger meadowland species.

Taxonomic tree:

Domain:
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum:
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order:Ranunculales
Family:Ranunculaceae
Genus:Delphinium
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