Whether you are pitching a tent or staying in a camper, pack up and head to any of these breathtaking places to camp in the United States. 

Kalalau,Lookout,,Na,Pali,Coast,State,Wilderness,Park,,Kauai,,Hawaii

The Nā Pali Coast State Wilderness Park is a beautiful stretch of coastline on the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It features rugged cliffs, secluded beaches, and cascading waterfalls. The Nā Pali Coast is a popular destination for hiking, snorkeling, and kayaking. It is also home to the Kalalau Trail, which offers breathtaking views of the coastline and is considered one of the most challenging and rewarding hikes in Hawaii.

Kalalau Beach Wilderness Park, Hawaii

The Nā Pali Coast State Wilderness Park is a beautiful stretch of coastline on the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It features rugged cliffs, secluded beaches, and cascading waterfalls. The Nā Pali Coast is a popular destination for hiking, snorkeling, and kayaking. It is also home to the Kalalau Trail, which offers breathtaking views of the coastline and is considered one of the most challenging and rewarding hikes in Hawaii.

Carlsbad,Cavern,National,Park,,New,Mexico,,Usa,Overlooking,Rattlesnake,Canyon

Carlsbad Caverns National Park is in the Chihuahuan Desert of southern New Mexico. It features more than 100 caves. The Natural Entrance is a path into the namesake Carlsbad Cavern. Stalactites cling to the roof of the Big Room, a huge underground chamber in the cavern. Walnut Canyon Desert Loop is a drive with desert views. Rattlesnake Springs, a desert wetland, attracts reptiles and hundreds of bird species.



Carlsbad Caverns National Park offers&nbsp;no overnight lodging or campgrounds. Primitive camping is allowed in the backcountry only, and requires a free permit which is issued at the park's visitor center when you arrive (not reservable in advance). Overnight RV parking is not permitted in the park.

Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico

Carlsbad Caverns National Park is in the Chihuahuan Desert of southern New Mexico. It features more than 100 caves. The Natural Entrance is a path into the namesake Carlsbad Cavern. Stalactites cling to the roof of the Big Room, a huge underground chamber in the cavern. Walnut Canyon Desert Loop is a drive with desert views. Rattlesnake Springs, a desert wetland, attracts reptiles and hundreds of bird species. Carlsbad Caverns National Park offers&nbsp;no overnight lodging or campgrounds. Primitive camping is allowed in the backcountry only, and requires...

Capitol Reef National Park is in Utah's south-central desert. It surrounds a long wrinkle in the earth known as the Waterpocket Fold, with layers of golden sandstone, canyons and striking rock formations. Among the park's sights are the Chimney Rock pillar, the Hickman Bridge arch, and Capitol Reef, known for its white sandstone domes. In the north are the towering monoliths of Cathedral Valley.



Pick from three campgrounds in the area: Fruita, Cathedral Valley or Cedar Mesa. All sites will set you up to experience the national park. The 71-site Fruita Campground is the only developed campground in the park. Cathedral Valley is a primitive campground with no-fee and has six sites. The Cedar Mesa Campground is located about 35 miles south of the Utah State Highway 24, and is at 5,500 feet in elevation. This primitive, no-fee campground has five sites.

Capitol Reef National Park, Utah

Capitol Reef National Park is in Utah's south-central desert. It surrounds a long wrinkle in the earth known as the Waterpocket Fold, with layers of golden sandstone, canyons and striking rock formations. Among the park's sights are the Chimney Rock pillar, the Hickman Bridge arch, and Capitol Reef, known for its white sandstone domes. In the north are the towering monoliths of Cathedral Valley. Pick from three campgrounds in the area: Fruita, Cathedral Valley or Cedar Mesa. All sites will set you up to experience the national...

Scenic,Panoramic,View,Of,Famous,Mcway,Falls,In,Scenic,Golden

Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park is a state park in Monterey County, California, near the area of Big Sur on the state's Central Coast. It covers approximately 1,006 acres of land. The park is centered on the Big Sur River. It has been nicknamed a "mini Yosemite." Redwood trees are known to live up to 2,200 years.



Pfeiffer Big Sur is an extremely popular campground. Reservations fill up six months in advance, even in the winter. All campsites at Pfeiffer Big Sur are on a reservation system. During peak season, the entire campground is usually reserved (booked 6 months in advance). Occasionally, there may be cancellations that&nbsp;allow some day-of&nbsp;sites to be available. To get a day-of campsite (also known as&nbsp;a walk-up campsite), you must be physically present at the park's entrance kiosk.&nbsp;Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park has one cabin available&nbsp;for reservation.

Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park, California

Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park is a state park in Monterey County, California, near the area of Big Sur on the state's Central Coast. It covers approximately 1,006 acres of land. The park is centered on the Big Sur River. It has been nicknamed a "mini Yosemite." Redwood trees are known to live up to 2,200 years. Pfeiffer Big Sur is an extremely popular campground. Reservations fill up six months in advance, even in the winter. All campsites at Pfeiffer Big Sur are on a reservation system....

Green Mountain National Forest&nbsp;is a&nbsp;national forest&nbsp;located in&nbsp;Vermont, a&nbsp;temperate broadleaf and mixed forest&nbsp;typical of the&nbsp;New England/Acadian forests&nbsp;ecoregion. The forest supports a variety of wildlife, including&nbsp;beaver,&nbsp;moose,&nbsp;coyote,&nbsp;black bear,&nbsp;white-tailed deer,&nbsp;wild turkey, and&nbsp;ruffed grouse. The forest, being situated in Vermont's&nbsp;Green Mountains, has been referred to as the granite backbone of the state.



Camping is a favorite activity on National Forests. The Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests offer a variety of camping experiences ranging from developed campgrounds to backcountry camping.Developed campground sites requires a reservation at least 7 days in advance.&nbsp;Reservations cannot be made by calling the forest.&nbsp; Developed campsites that do not need a reservation, are first-come first-served. The forest is not able to manage a list of availability.Backcountry camping is allowed in most locations on the forest unless there is a specific&nbsp;closure order&nbsp;in place for a particular area.The following camping practices are recommended. Locate campsites at least 200’ from trails or waterbodies including ponds, rivers, and streams.

Green Mountain National Forest, Vermont

Green Mountain National Forest&nbsp;is a&nbsp;national forest&nbsp;located in&nbsp;Vermont, a&nbsp;temperate broadleaf and mixed forest&nbsp;typical of the&nbsp;New England/Acadian forests&nbsp;ecoregion. The forest supports a variety of wildlife, including&nbsp;beaver,&nbsp;moose,&nbsp;coyote,&nbsp;black bear,&nbsp;white-tailed deer,&nbsp;wild turkey, and&nbsp;ruffed grouse. The forest, being situated in Vermont's&nbsp;Green Mountains, has been referred to as the granite backbone of the state. Camping is a favorite activity on National Forests. The Green Mountain and Finger Lakes National Forests offer a variety of camping experiences ranging from developed campgrounds to backcountry camping.Developed campground sites requires a reservation at least 7 days in advance.&nbsp;Reservations...

Glacier,Bay,National,Park,Alaska

" Covering 3.3 million acres of rugged mountains, dynamic glaciers, temperate rainforest, wild coastlines and deep sheltered fjords, Glacier Bay National Park is a highlight of Alaska's Inside Passage and part of a 25-million acre World Heritage Site—one of the world’s largest international protected areas. From sea to summit, Glacier Bay offers limitless opportunities for adventure and inspiration. 



Camping in Bartlett Cove is limited to the developed campground. Obtain a free campground permit from the Visitor Information Station between&nbsp;May 1 and September 30.&nbsp;From&nbsp;May 1 to September 30, all overnight backcountry users (including kayakers) must register for a free permit and&nbsp;complete an orientation. There is no limit to the number of permits issued per-day. We recommend that camping parties complete their orientation and permit application in advance of and before the planned departure date.&nbsp;" - NPS

Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

" Covering 3.3 million acres of rugged mountains, dynamic glaciers, temperate rainforest, wild coastlines and deep sheltered fjords, Glacier Bay National Park is a highlight of Alaska's Inside Passage and part of a 25-million acre World Heritage Site—one of the world’s largest international protected areas. From sea to summit, Glacier Bay offers limitless opportunities for adventure and inspiration. Camping in Bartlett Cove is limited to the developed campground. Obtain a free campground permit from the Visitor Information Station between&nbsp;May 1 and September 30.&nbsp;From&nbsp;May 1 to September 30,...

Zion National Park is a southwest Utah nature preserve distinguished by Zion Canyon’s steep red cliffs. Zion Canyon Scenic Drive cuts through its main section, leading to forest trails along the Virgin River. The river flows to the Emerald Pools, which have waterfalls and a hanging garden. Also along the river, partly through deep chasms, is Zion Narrows wading hike.



Zion National Park has three campgrounds. South and Watchman Campgrounds are in Zion Canyon.&nbsp;The Lava Point Campground&nbsp;is about a 1-hour drive from Zion Canyon on the Kolob Terrace Road. There are no campgrounds in Kolob Canyons. Camping is permitted in designated campsites, but not in pullouts or parking lots. From mid-March through late November the campgrounds are full almost every night. Reservations at&nbsp;South Campground&nbsp;and&nbsp;Watchman Campground&nbsp; are recommended if you would like to guarantee a camping spot.

Zion National Park, Utah

Zion National Park is a southwest Utah nature preserve distinguished by Zion Canyon’s steep red cliffs. Zion Canyon Scenic Drive cuts through its main section, leading to forest trails along the Virgin River. The river flows to the Emerald Pools, which have waterfalls and a hanging garden. Also along the river, partly through deep chasms, is Zion Narrows wading hike. Zion National Park has three campgrounds. South and Watchman Campgrounds are in Zion Canyon.&nbsp;The Lava Point Campground&nbsp;is about a 1-hour drive from Zion Canyon on the Kolob...

Afternoon,Light,On,The,Redwoods,At,Jedediah,Smith,State,Park,

Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park is a state park of California, United States, preserving old-growth redwoods along the Smith River. It is located along U.S. Route 199 approximately 9 miles east of Crescent City. Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park is the last in a long string of redwood parks that stretch up&nbsp;Northern California's coast. A few miles inland from the ocean,&nbsp;the park is&nbsp;densely forested with huge ancient trees. In fact, it contains&nbsp;seven percent of all the old-growth redwoods left in the world.



Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park Campground&nbsp;features 86 campsites. Fifty are for RVs, trailers, or tents. Sixteen sites are designated tents only. Campsites are shaded by redwoods and alders.&nbsp;

Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, California

Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park is a state park of California, United States, preserving old-growth redwoods along the Smith River. It is located along U.S. Route 199 approximately 9 miles east of Crescent City. Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park is the last in a long string of redwood parks that stretch up&nbsp;Northern California's coast. A few miles inland from the ocean,&nbsp;the park is&nbsp;densely forested with huge ancient trees. In fact, it contains&nbsp;seven percent of all the old-growth redwoods left in the world. Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park...

Located in western Michigan, Ludington State Park spans 5,300 acres and just last year celebrated its 80th birthday. Known as the most popular state park in Michigan, Ludington attracts a large number of tourists due to its widely diverse attractions, which include hiking, fishing, biking, boating, swimming, and sledding.



Whether you prefer modern or primitive camping, the Ludington State Park has it all, surrounded by natural woodlands, water and dunes. There are a total of 355 sites among all the campgrounds, including three mini-cabins.&nbsp;

Ludington State Park, Michigan

Located in western Michigan, Ludington State Park spans 5,300 acres and just last year celebrated its 80th birthday. Known as the most popular state park in Michigan, Ludington attracts a large number of tourists due to its widely diverse attractions, which include hiking, fishing, biking, boating, swimming, and sledding. Whether you prefer modern or primitive camping, the Ludington State Park has it all, surrounded by natural woodlands, water and dunes. There are a total of 355 sites among all the campgrounds, including three mini-cabins.&nbsp;

Mills,River,In,Pisgah,National,Forest,North,Carolina.

This enchanted forest is known as the Land of the Waterfalls. It encompasses 500,000 acres of the Appalachian Mountains just outside of Asheville, North Carolina. Mile-high peaks offer majestic views and campers can enjoy rock climbing, backpacking, and fishing.



 Camping is allowed anywhere on National Forest property, except within 500' of a road or in a designated closed area. Good campsites can be found along many trails in the area, especially those in the South Mills River section, for possible backpacking loops.

Pisgah National Forest, North Carolina

This enchanted forest is known as the Land of the Waterfalls. It encompasses 500,000 acres of the Appalachian Mountains just outside of Asheville, North Carolina. Mile-high peaks offer majestic views and campers can enjoy rock climbing, backpacking, and fishing. Camping is allowed anywhere on National Forest property, except within 500' of a road or in a designated closed area. Good campsites can be found along many trails in the area, especially those in the South Mills River section, for possible backpacking loops.

Tybee,Island,Sunrise

Tybee Island, Georgia Just a short boat ride south of Tybee Island, Georgia, this is the perfect spot to sleep under the stars. The island has a number of endangered species of birds, rich salt marshes, and natural dunes. This<a href="https://www.earth.com/news/wildfires-will-increase-by-50-percent-by-the-end-of-the-century/"> wildlife </a>reserve is twice the size of Tybee, yet completely uninhabited. 



Tybee Island offers a truly primitive camping experience. Accessible only by boat or kayak, there are no facilities but campers can pitch a tent anywhere on the island.

Tybee Island, Georgia

Tybee Island, Georgia Just a short boat ride south of Tybee Island, Georgia, this is the perfect spot to sleep under the stars. The island has a number of endangered species of birds, rich salt marshes, and natural dunes. This wildlife reserve is twice the size of Tybee, yet completely uninhabited. Tybee Island offers a truly primitive camping experience. Accessible only by boat or kayak, there are no facilities but campers can pitch a tent anywhere on the island.

Jordan Pond and Bubbles at Acadia National Park

Acadia National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located along the mid-section of the&nbsp;Maine&nbsp;coast, southwest of&nbsp;Bar Harbor. The park preserves about half of&nbsp;Mount Desert Island, part of the&nbsp;Isle au Haut, the tip of the&nbsp;Schoodic Peninsula, and portions of 16 smaller outlying islands. It protects the natural beauty of the rocky&nbsp;headlands, including the highest mountains along the Atlantic coast. Acadia boasts a glaciated coastal and island landscape, an abundance of habitats, a high level of biodiversity, clean air and water, and a rich cultural heritage.



The park contains the tallest mountain on the&nbsp;Atlantic Coast of the United States&nbsp;(Cadillac Mountain), exposed&nbsp;granite domes,&nbsp;glacial erratics,&nbsp;U-shaped valleys, and&nbsp;cobble&nbsp;beaches. Its mountains, lakes, streams, wetlands, forests, meadows, and coastlines contribute to a diversity of plants and animals.&nbsp;



There are two campgrounds on Mount Desert Island, one campground on the Schoodic Peninsula, and five lean-to shelters on Isle au Haut. There is no backcountry camping, "out-of-bounds" camping, or overnight parking allowed anywhere in Acadia.

Acadia National Park, Maine

Acadia National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located along the mid-section of the&nbsp;Maine&nbsp;coast, southwest of&nbsp;Bar Harbor. The park preserves about half of&nbsp;Mount Desert Island, part of the&nbsp;Isle au Haut, the tip of the&nbsp;Schoodic Peninsula, and portions of 16 smaller outlying islands. It protects the natural beauty of the rocky&nbsp;headlands, including the highest mountains along the Atlantic coast. Acadia boasts a glaciated coastal and island landscape, an abundance of habitats, a high level of biodiversity, clean air and water, and a rich cultural heritage. The park contains the tallest mountain...

Arches National Park&nbsp;is a&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in eastern&nbsp;Utah, United States. The park is adjacent to the&nbsp;Colorado River, 4 miles (6&nbsp;km) north of&nbsp;Moab, Utah. More than 2,000&nbsp;natural sandstone arches&nbsp;are located in the park, including the well-known&nbsp;Delicate Arch, as well as a variety of unique geological resources and formations. The park contains the highest density of natural arches in the world.



Devils Garden Campground is the only campground at Arches National Park. You can reserve campsites for nights between March 1 and October 31.&nbsp;During this busy season, the campground is usually full every night.&nbsp;If you're arriving at Arches without a reservation, you'll probably have to&nbsp;look for a campsite outside the park. Between November and February, campsites are first-come, first-served. You can backpack at Arches in a small number of designated sites and zones. Backpacking at Arches is more challenging than other places. It requires off-trail travel and route finding. Get a permit at the visitor center.

Arches National Park, Utah

Arches National Park&nbsp;is a&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in eastern&nbsp;Utah, United States. The park is adjacent to the&nbsp;Colorado River, 4 miles (6&nbsp;km) north of&nbsp;Moab, Utah. More than 2,000&nbsp;natural sandstone arches&nbsp;are located in the park, including the well-known&nbsp;Delicate Arch, as well as a variety of unique geological resources and formations. The park contains the highest density of natural arches in the world. Devils Garden Campground is the only campground at Arches National Park. You can reserve campsites for nights between March 1 and October 31.&nbsp;During this busy season, the campground is usually...

Assateague Island National Seashore, Maryland

Assateague Island is a 37-mile (60 km) long barrier island located off the eastern coast of the Delmarva Peninsula facing the Atlantic Ocean. The northern two-thirds of the island is in Maryland while the southern third is in Virginia. The <a href="https://www.earth.com/image/assateague-island-national-seashore-maryland-2/">Maryland</a> section contains the majority of Assateague Island National Seashore and Assateague State Park. The Virginia section contains Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge and a one-mile stretch of land containing the lifeguarded recreational beach and interpretive facilities managed by the National Park Service (or NPS). It is best known for its herds of feral horses, pristine beaches and the Assateague Lighthouse. The island also contains numerous marshes, bays, and coves, including Toms Cove.



Camping is available only in the Maryland district of Assateague Island. Reservations are required from March 15 through November 15. Campsite reservations are available six months in advance.&nbsp; Oceanside Drive-in:&nbsp;Tents, trailers and recreational vehicles (no hookups). Sites have a picnic table and a fire ring.&nbsp;Oceanside Walk-in:&nbsp;Tent-only sites, located 100-200 feet from centralized parking areas. Sites have a picnic table and a fire ring. Walk-in sites are closed from November 16 through March 14. Bayside Drive-in:&nbsp;Tents, trailers and recreational vehicles (no hookups). Sites have a picnic table and a fire ring. A Drive-In "Generator-Free Zone" is located in Bayside B Loop. Horse Camp:&nbsp;There are 2 campsites for horse camping available October 16 through April 14. Each site accommodates up to 6 people and 6 horses.&nbsp;Assateague has two oceanside and four bayside camping areas in Maryland for visitors who wish to backpack or paddle the island.

Assateague Island

Assateague Island is a 37-mile (60 km) long barrier island located off the eastern coast of the Delmarva Peninsula facing the Atlantic Ocean. The northern two-thirds of the island is in Maryland while the southern third is in Virginia. The Maryland section contains the majority of Assateague Island National Seashore and Assateague State Park. The Virginia section contains Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge and a one-mile stretch of land containing the lifeguarded recreational beach and interpretive facilities managed by the National Park Service (or NPS). It is best known for its herds of feral horses, pristine beaches and the Assateague Lighthouse. The island also contains numerous marshes, bays, and...

Sunrise over Badlands National Park, South Dakota

Badlands National Park, South Dakota

Badlands National Park&nbsp;(Lakota:&nbsp;Makȟóšiča) is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in southwestern&nbsp;South Dakota. The park protects 242,756 acres (379.3&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 982.4&nbsp;km2)&nbsp;of sharply&nbsp;eroded&nbsp;buttes&nbsp;and&nbsp;pinnacles, along with the largest undisturbed&nbsp;mixed grass prairie&nbsp;in the United States. The&nbsp;National Park Service&nbsp;manages the park, with the South Unit being co-managed with the&nbsp;Oglala Lakota&nbsp;tribe. The White River Badlands have developed an international reputation as a fossil-rich area. They contain the richest deposits of&nbsp;Oligocene&nbsp;mammals known, providing a glimpse of life in the area 33 million years ago.



For those interested in front-country camping, the park offers two official campgrounds. The&nbsp;Cedar Pass Campground&nbsp;is a paid campground with 96 sites total, some designated for RV camping with electric hookups. Sage Creek Campground&nbsp;is a free, first-come first-serve campground with 22 sites.&nbsp;Motor homes, pull behind trailers, and other recreational vehicles greater than 18 feet in length are prohibited.&nbsp; For those seeking a more rugged camping experience, back-country camping is also available in the park. Back-country camping is permitted anywhere in the park as long as it is 0.5 miles from a road or trail and is not visible from a trail or roadway.

Badlands National Park&nbsp;(Lakota:&nbsp;Makȟóšiča) is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in southwestern&nbsp;South Dakota. The park protects 242,756 acres (379.3&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 982.4&nbsp;km2)&nbsp;of sharply&nbsp;eroded&nbsp;buttes&nbsp;and&nbsp;pinnacles, along with the largest undisturbed&nbsp;mixed grass prairie&nbsp;in the United States. The&nbsp;National Park Service&nbsp;manages the park, with the South Unit being co-managed with the&nbsp;Oglala Lakota&nbsp;tribe. The White River Badlands have developed an international reputation as a fossil-rich area. They contain the richest deposits of&nbsp;Oligocene&nbsp;mammals known, providing a glimpse of life in the area 33 million years ago. For those interested in front-country camping, the park offers two official campgrounds. The&nbsp;Cedar...

Big Bend National Park, Texas

Rio Grande river flows through Santa Elena Canyon in Big Bend National Park

Big Bend National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in&nbsp;West Texas, bordering Mexico. The park has national significance as the largest protected area of&nbsp;Chihuahuan Desert&nbsp;topography&nbsp;and&nbsp;ecology&nbsp;in the United States, and was named after a&nbsp;large bend&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Rio Grande/Río Bravo. &nbsp;The park protects more than 1,200 species of plants, more than 450 species of birds, 56 species of reptiles, and 75 species of mammals. Additional park activities include scenic drives, programs led by Big Bend park rangers, and stargazing.



There are&nbsp;four&nbsp;campgrounds in Big Bend National Park. The National Park Service (NPS) operates three developed frontcountry campgrounds that provide drinking water and restroom facilities. In addition, a full hookup RV camping area is operated by the park concessioner, Forever Resorts. Reservations are required for Big Bend National Park Campgrounds. Reservations can be made by visiting&nbsp;recreation.gov. For visitors with rugged vehicles, or the willingness to leave the road behind and backpack into the wild, Big Bend provides options for&nbsp;backcountry camping. A backcountry permit is required for all backcountry camping and river trips.

Big Bend National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in&nbsp;West Texas, bordering Mexico. The park has national significance as the largest protected area of&nbsp;Chihuahuan Desert&nbsp;topography&nbsp;and&nbsp;ecology&nbsp;in the United States, and was named after a&nbsp;large bend&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Rio Grande/Río Bravo. &nbsp;The park protects more than 1,200 species of plants, more than 450 species of birds, 56 species of reptiles, and 75 species of mammals. Additional park activities include scenic drives, programs led by Big Bend park rangers, and stargazing. There are&nbsp;four&nbsp;campgrounds in Big Bend National Park. The National Park Service (NPS) operates...

Night Camping under Milky Way.

Crater Lake National Park, Oregon

Cross country skiers camping on the rim at Crater Lake National Park, Oregon

Crater Lake&nbsp;(Klamath:&nbsp;Giiwas) is a&nbsp;crater lake&nbsp;in south-central&nbsp;Oregon&nbsp;in the western United States. It is the main feature of&nbsp;Crater Lake National Park&nbsp;and is famous for its deep blue color and water clarity. The lake partly fills a nearly 2,148-foot-deep (655&nbsp;m) caldera that was formed around 7,700 (± 150) years ago&nbsp;by the collapse of the volcano&nbsp;Mount Mazama. There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake; the evaporation is compensated for by rain and snowfall at a rate such that the total amount of water is replaced every 250 years. With a depth of 1,949 feet (594&nbsp;m),&nbsp;the lake is the&nbsp;deepest&nbsp;in the United States. In the world, it ranks ninth for maximum depth, and third for mean (average) depth. Crater Lake features two small islands.&nbsp;Wizard Island, located near the western shore of the lake, is a&nbsp;cinder cone&nbsp;approximately 316 acres (128 ha) in size.&nbsp;Phantom Ship, a natural rock pillar, is located near the southern shore.



The park has two developed campgrounds,&nbsp;Mazama Campground&nbsp;and&nbsp;Lost Creek Campground. They are open only in the summer. Mazama Campground has 214 sites for tents and RVs. Lost Creek Campground has 16 sites for tents only.&nbsp; Sleeping overnight in the park is allowed only for hotel guests, campground campers, and backpackers who obtain a&nbsp;backcountry permit. Camping in the park’s pullouts, picnic areas, and parking lots is prohibited.

Crater Lake&nbsp;(Klamath:&nbsp;Giiwas) is a&nbsp;crater lake&nbsp;in south-central&nbsp;Oregon&nbsp;in the western United States. It is the main feature of&nbsp;Crater Lake National Park&nbsp;and is famous for its deep blue color and water clarity. The lake partly fills a nearly 2,148-foot-deep (655&nbsp;m) caldera that was formed around 7,700 (± 150) years ago&nbsp;by the collapse of the volcano&nbsp;Mount Mazama. There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake; the evaporation is compensated for by rain and snowfall at a rate such that the total amount of water is replaced every 250...

Denali National Park and Preserve, formerly known as&nbsp;Mount McKinley National Park, is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;and&nbsp;preserve&nbsp;located in&nbsp;Interior Alaska, centered on&nbsp;Denali, the highest mountain in North America. The park and contiguous preserve encompass 6,045,153 acres (9,446&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 24,464&nbsp;km2) which is larger than the state of&nbsp;New Hampshire. On December 2, 1980, 2,146,580-acre (3,354&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 8,687&nbsp;km2) Denali Wilderness was established within the park. Denali's landscape is a mix of forest at the lowest elevations, including deciduous&nbsp;taiga, with&nbsp;tundra&nbsp;at middle elevations, and&nbsp;glaciers, snow, and bare rock at the highest elevations. The longest glacier is the&nbsp;Kahiltna Glacier. Wintertime activities include&nbsp;dog sledding,&nbsp;cross-country skiing, and&nbsp;snowmobiling.&nbsp;



Camping in Denali offers a great way to experience this spectacular park. Whether you wish to tent-camp, or camp with an RV or other vehicle, one or more of the park campgrounds should suit your interests. Please note that vehicles can only camp in established, open campgrounds in the park - not along pullouts or the side of the road. Backcountry permits are reserved by email at least two days in advance but no more than 14 days before the start of your trip.&nbsp;

Denali National Park, Alaska

Denali National Park and Preserve, formerly known as&nbsp;Mount McKinley National Park, is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;and&nbsp;preserve&nbsp;located in&nbsp;Interior Alaska, centered on&nbsp;Denali, the highest mountain in North America. The park and contiguous preserve encompass 6,045,153 acres (9,446&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 24,464&nbsp;km2) which is larger than the state of&nbsp;New Hampshire. On December 2, 1980, 2,146,580-acre (3,354&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 8,687&nbsp;km2) Denali Wilderness was established within the park. Denali's landscape is a mix of forest at the lowest elevations, including deciduous&nbsp;taiga, with&nbsp;tundra&nbsp;at middle elevations, and&nbsp;glaciers, snow, and bare rock at the highest elevations. The longest glacier is the&nbsp;Kahiltna...

Camping on Dry Tortugas, Florida

Dry Tortugas National Park&nbsp;is a&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in the&nbsp;United States&nbsp;about 68 miles (109&nbsp;km) west of&nbsp;Key West&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Gulf of Mexico. The park preserves&nbsp;Fort Jefferson&nbsp;and the seven&nbsp;Dry Tortugas&nbsp;islands, the westernmost and most isolated of the&nbsp;Florida Keys. The archipelago's coral reefs are the least disturbed of the Florida Keys reefs. The park is noted for abundant&nbsp;sea life, tropical bird breeding grounds, colorful&nbsp;coral reefs, and legends of&nbsp;shipwrecks&nbsp;and sunken treasures. The park's centerpiece is Fort Jefferson, a massive but unfinished coastal&nbsp;fortress.



A primitive campground is located on Garden Key and is a short walk from the public dock. Reservations are not accepted for the regular 6-person campsites. Regular campsites are first-come, first-served only.&nbsp;The only campsite that can be reserved in advance is the group site for 10-20 people.&nbsp;

Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida

Dry Tortugas National Park&nbsp;is a&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in the&nbsp;United States&nbsp;about 68 miles (109&nbsp;km) west of&nbsp;Key West&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Gulf of Mexico. The park preserves&nbsp;Fort Jefferson&nbsp;and the seven&nbsp;Dry Tortugas&nbsp;islands, the westernmost and most isolated of the&nbsp;Florida Keys. The archipelago's coral reefs are the least disturbed of the Florida Keys reefs. The park is noted for abundant&nbsp;sea life, tropical bird breeding grounds, colorful&nbsp;coral reefs, and legends of&nbsp;shipwrecks&nbsp;and sunken treasures. The park's centerpiece is Fort Jefferson, a massive but unfinished coastal&nbsp;fortress. A primitive campground is located on Garden Key and is a short walk...

Glacier National Park

Glacier National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in northwestern&nbsp;Montana, on the&nbsp;Canada–United States border, adjacent to the Canadian provinces of&nbsp;Alberta&nbsp;and&nbsp;British Columbia. The park encompasses more than 1&nbsp;million acres (4,000&nbsp;km2) and includes parts of two mountain ranges (sub-ranges of the&nbsp;Rocky Mountains), more than 130 named lakes, more than 1,000 different&nbsp;species&nbsp;of plants, and hundreds of species of animals. This vast pristine&nbsp;ecosystem&nbsp;is the centerpiece of what has been referred to as the "Crown of the Continent Ecosystem," a region of protected land encompassing 16,000 square miles (41,000&nbsp;km2).



With over 60 designated backcountry campgrounds throughout the park, Glacier is a backpacker’s paradise. To camp in the backcountry, a&nbsp;backcountry use permit&nbsp;is required for all overnight camping. Glacier National Park has 13 campgrounds. Three campgrounds allow reservations for individual sites.

Glacier National Park, Montana

Glacier National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in northwestern&nbsp;Montana, on the&nbsp;Canada–United States border, adjacent to the Canadian provinces of&nbsp;Alberta&nbsp;and&nbsp;British Columbia. The park encompasses more than 1&nbsp;million acres (4,000&nbsp;km2) and includes parts of two mountain ranges (sub-ranges of the&nbsp;Rocky Mountains), more than 130 named lakes, more than 1,000 different&nbsp;species&nbsp;of plants, and hundreds of species of animals. This vast pristine&nbsp;ecosystem&nbsp;is the centerpiece of what has been referred to as the "Crown of the Continent Ecosystem," a region of protected land encompassing 16,000 square miles (41,000&nbsp;km2). With over 60 designated backcountry...

Camping in Grand Canyon: an open tent with a stunning view

Grand Canyon National Park, located in northwestern Arizona, is the 15th site in the United States to have been named as a national park. The park's central feature is the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the <a href="https://www.earth.com/image/the-san-luis-valley-of-colorado/">Colorado </a>River, which is often considered one of the Wonders of the World.  The Grand Canyon, including its extensive system of tributary canyons, is valued for its combination of size, depth, and exposed layers of colorful rocks dating back to Precambrian times. The canyon itself was created by the incision of the Colorado River and its tributaries after the Colorado Plateau was uplifted, causing the Colorado River system to develop along its present path. The primary public areas of the park are the South and North Rims, and adjacent areas of the canyon itself. The rest of the park is extremely rugged and remote, although many places are accessible by pack trail and backcountry roads. The South Rim is more accessible than the North Rim and accounts for 90% of park visitation.

Grand Canyon National Park

Grand Canyon National Park, located in northwestern Arizona, is the 15th site in the United States to have been named as a national park. The park's central feature is the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the Colorado River, which is often considered one of the Wonders of the World.  The Grand Canyon, including its extensive system of tributary canyons, is valued for its combination of size, depth, and exposed layers of colorful rocks dating back to Precambrian times. The canyon itself was created by the incision of the Colorado River and its tributaries after the Colorado Plateau was uplifted,...

Camping Night at Grand Teton

Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming

"Tent Camping in Upper Cascade Creek."  Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming.

Grand Teton National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in northwestern&nbsp;Wyoming. At approximately 310,000 acres (1,300&nbsp;km2), the park includes the major peaks of the 40-mile-long (64&nbsp;km)&nbsp;Teton Range&nbsp;as well as most of the northern sections of the valley known as&nbsp;Jackson Hole. Grand Teton National Park is only 10 miles (16&nbsp;km) south of&nbsp;Yellowstone National Park, to which it is connected by the&nbsp;National Park Service–managed&nbsp;John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway. Along with surrounding&nbsp;national forests, these three protected areas constitute the almost 18-million-acre (73,000-square-kilometer)&nbsp;Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, one of the world's largest intact mid-latitude temperate ecosystems.



Camping is a great way to immerse yourself in the stunning scenery of Grand Teton National Park. There are many options for camping. If you are feeling adventurous and searching for solitude, get a permit to pitch a tent in the&nbsp;backcountry. Looking for a few more comforts? You can tent camp or park and plug in your recreational vehicle at over 1,000 campsites at seven park campgrounds.All park campgrounds are by advanced reservations only. Campsites are reservable on&nbsp;Recreation.gov.&nbsp;

Grand Teton National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in northwestern&nbsp;Wyoming. At approximately 310,000 acres (1,300&nbsp;km2), the park includes the major peaks of the 40-mile-long (64&nbsp;km)&nbsp;Teton Range&nbsp;as well as most of the northern sections of the valley known as&nbsp;Jackson Hole. Grand Teton National Park is only 10 miles (16&nbsp;km) south of&nbsp;Yellowstone National Park, to which it is connected by the&nbsp;National Park Service–managed&nbsp;John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway. Along with surrounding&nbsp;national forests, these three protected areas constitute the almost 18-million-acre (73,000-square-kilometer)&nbsp;Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, one of the world's largest intact mid-latitude temperate...

Fall tent camping in aspen tree forest in full fall color

The&nbsp;Gunnison National Forest&nbsp;is a&nbsp;U.S. National Forest&nbsp;covering 1,672,136&nbsp;acres&nbsp;(2,612.71 sq mi, or 6,766.89&nbsp;km²)&nbsp;&nbsp;in&nbsp;Mesa,&nbsp;Gunnison,&nbsp;Hinsdale&nbsp;and&nbsp;Saguache&nbsp;Counties in Western part of the U.S. state of&nbsp;Colorado. It borders the&nbsp;White River National Forest&nbsp;to the north, the&nbsp;Grand Mesa&nbsp;and&nbsp;Uncompahgre&nbsp;National Forests to the west, the&nbsp;San Isabel National Forest&nbsp;to the east and the&nbsp;Rio Grande National Forest&nbsp;to south. &nbsp;It shares the&nbsp;Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness&nbsp;with the White River and San Isabel National Forests, and the&nbsp;Collegiate Peaks Wilderness&nbsp;Area with the San Isabel National Forest.



GMUG National Forest offers cabin rentals, developed campgrounds and more isolated dispersed camping areas. With some pre-planning you can find a perfect spot for you and your family! While electric, sewer, water hook-ups and showers are not always available; most campgrounds have potable water, picnic tables, fire rings and vault toilets. Campground reservations may be made at some sites through  www.recreation.gov. Where available, reservations are recommended for holiday weekends.

Gunnison National Forest, Colorado

The&nbsp;Gunnison National Forest&nbsp;is a&nbsp;U.S. National Forest&nbsp;covering 1,672,136&nbsp;acres&nbsp;(2,612.71 sq mi, or 6,766.89&nbsp;km²)&nbsp;&nbsp;in&nbsp;Mesa,&nbsp;Gunnison,&nbsp;Hinsdale&nbsp;and&nbsp;Saguache&nbsp;Counties in Western part of the U.S. state of&nbsp;Colorado. It borders the&nbsp;White River National Forest&nbsp;to the north, the&nbsp;Grand Mesa&nbsp;and&nbsp;Uncompahgre&nbsp;National Forests to the west, the&nbsp;San Isabel National Forest&nbsp;to the east and the&nbsp;Rio Grande National Forest&nbsp;to south. &nbsp;It shares the&nbsp;Maroon Bells-Snowmass Wilderness&nbsp;with the White River and San Isabel National Forests, and the&nbsp;Collegiate Peaks Wilderness&nbsp;Area with the San Isabel National Forest. GMUG National Forest offers cabin rentals, developed campgrounds and more isolated dispersed camping areas. With some pre-planning you can...

Haleakalā National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located on the island of&nbsp;Maui&nbsp;in the state of&nbsp;Hawaii. Named after Haleakalā, a dormant volcano within its boundaries, the park covers an area of 33,265 acres (52.0&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 134.6&nbsp;km2), of which 24,719 acres (38.6&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 100.0&nbsp;km2) is a&nbsp;wilderness area.



The park is known for its volcanic features, its long scenic drive with numerous overlooks, and the unusually clear views of the night sky available. Haleakalā is one of the best places in the United States for&nbsp;amateur astronomy. Visitors frequently come to the summit of the volcano to watch the sunrise and/or sunset.



Six designated sites are located in an open, grassy area near the forest and shrubland of Hosmer Grove. Each site has a picnic table, grill, and access to potable water. Campers who obtain a reservation to camp at Hosmer Grove campground also receive a reservation to view sunrise the morning after camping. There are two primitive wilderness tent camping areas which are accessible only by trail, Hōlua and Palikū. Reservations are required for both campsites through www.recreation.gov.

Haleakala National Park, Hawaii

Haleakalā National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located on the island of&nbsp;Maui&nbsp;in the state of&nbsp;Hawaii. Named after Haleakalā, a dormant volcano within its boundaries, the park covers an area of 33,265 acres (52.0&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 134.6&nbsp;km2), of which 24,719 acres (38.6&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 100.0&nbsp;km2) is a&nbsp;wilderness area. The park is known for its volcanic features, its long scenic drive with numerous overlooks, and the unusually clear views of the night sky available. Haleakalā is one of the best places in the United States for&nbsp;amateur astronomy. Visitors frequently come to the summit of the...

Joshua Tree National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in southeastern&nbsp;California, east of&nbsp;San Bernardino&nbsp;and&nbsp;Los Angeles&nbsp;and north&nbsp;Palm Springs. It is named after the Joshua trees (Yucca brevifolia) native to the&nbsp;Mojave Desert.&nbsp;



The park includes parts of two&nbsp;deserts, each an&nbsp;ecosystem&nbsp;whose characteristics are determined primarily by elevation: the higher Mojave Desert and the lower&nbsp;Colorado Desert. The&nbsp;Little San Bernardino Mountains&nbsp;traverse the southwest edge of the park.



The majority of the 500 campsites in the park are available by reservation. Reservations can be made the same day or up to 6 months in advance and can be booked on recreation.gov. First-come, first-serve campsites are highly competitive on holidays, most weekends, and the springtime. Sleeping in your vehicle overnight along the roadside or at a roadside pull off is not allowed.

Joshua Tree National Park, California

Joshua Tree National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in southeastern&nbsp;California, east of&nbsp;San Bernardino&nbsp;and&nbsp;Los Angeles&nbsp;and north&nbsp;Palm Springs. It is named after the Joshua trees (Yucca brevifolia) native to the&nbsp;Mojave Desert.&nbsp; The park includes parts of two&nbsp;deserts, each an&nbsp;ecosystem&nbsp;whose characteristics are determined primarily by elevation: the higher Mojave Desert and the lower&nbsp;Colorado Desert. The&nbsp;Little San Bernardino Mountains&nbsp;traverse the southwest edge of the park. The majority of the 500 campsites in the park are available by reservation. Reservations can be made the same day or up to 6 months in advance and...

Lake Minnewaska in the Minnewaska State Park, New York

Minnewaska State Park Preserve is situated on the dramatic Shawangunk Mountain ridge, which rises more than 2,000 feet above sea level and is surrounded by rugged, rocky terrain. The park features numerous waterfalls, three crystalline sky lakes, dense hardwood forests, incising sheer cliffs and ledges opening to beautiful views, clear streams cut into valleys, 35 miles of carriage roads and 50 miles of footpaths on which to bike, walk, hike and simply enjoy. 



The Samuel F. Pryor III Shawangunk Gateway Campground provides a high quality, minimalist camping experience for visitors to the breathtaking Shawangunk Mountains. The tent-only campground includes a pavilion and cooking area, bathhouse and restroom facilities, and circulation trails. There are 24 drive-in spots (one vehicle per site) and 26 walk-in spots. All sites accommodate up to two tents (and four people) per pad. Recreational vehicles are not permitted. Camping is open mid-May through mid-November, weather permitting. - NY State Parks

Minnewaska State Park Reserve, New York

Minnewaska State Park Preserve is situated on the dramatic Shawangunk Mountain ridge, which rises more than 2,000 feet above sea level and is surrounded by rugged, rocky terrain. The park features numerous waterfalls, three crystalline sky lakes, dense hardwood forests, incising sheer cliffs and ledges opening to beautiful views, clear streams cut into valleys, 35 miles of carriage roads and 50 miles of footpaths on which to bike, walk, hike and simply enjoy. The Samuel F. Pryor III Shawangunk Gateway Campground provides a high quality, minimalist camping experience for visitors to the breathtaking...

Olympic National Park&nbsp;is a United States&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in the&nbsp;State of Washington, on the&nbsp;Olympic Peninsula.&nbsp;The park has four regions: the&nbsp;Pacific&nbsp;coastline, alpine areas, the west-side&nbsp;temperate rainforest, and the forests of the drier east side.&nbsp;Within the park there are three distinct&nbsp;ecosystems, including subalpine forest and wildflower meadow, temperate forest, and the rugged Pacific coast.



Olympic offers reserved camping, walk up camping, and wilderness camping permits are required for all overnight stays in the Olympic National Park wilderness (backcountry) year-round.

Olympic National Park, Washington

Olympic National Park&nbsp;is a United States&nbsp;national park&nbsp;located in the&nbsp;State of Washington, on the&nbsp;Olympic Peninsula.&nbsp;The park has four regions: the&nbsp;Pacific&nbsp;coastline, alpine areas, the west-side&nbsp;temperate rainforest, and the forests of the drier east side.&nbsp;Within the park there are three distinct&nbsp;ecosystems, including subalpine forest and wildflower meadow, temperate forest, and the rugged Pacific coast. Olympic offers reserved camping, walk up camping, and wilderness camping permits are required for all overnight stays in the Olympic National Park wilderness (backcountry) year-round.

Two hikers hammock along Whitaker Point Trail

Ozark National Forest, Arkansas

ozark national forest glory hole falls in autmn

The&nbsp;Ozark National Forest&nbsp;encompasses 1,200,000 acres (4,856&nbsp;km2) primarily in the scenic&nbsp;Ozark Mountains&nbsp;in northern&nbsp;Arkansas. The forest contains the tallest mountain in Arkansas,&nbsp;Mount Magazine, and&nbsp;Blanchard Springs Caverns. The southern section of the forest lies along the&nbsp;Arkansas River&nbsp;Valley south to the&nbsp;Ouachita Mountains.



The forest was created in 1908 by proclamation of President&nbsp;Theodore Roosevelt. The forest is home to over 500 species of trees and woody plants. The forest contains five designated wilderness areas and several&nbsp;Wildlife Management Areas. In addition to the hiking trails, the forest provides trails designated for&nbsp;horseback riding,&nbsp;canoeing,&nbsp;mountain biking, and&nbsp;all-terrain vehicles. The longest horse trail is the Sylamore Trail with a length of 80 miles (130&nbsp;km). This trail passes over rocky bluffs, into deep hollows, and across mountain streams.



The Ozark National Forests offer a variety of camping opportunities. You can pitch a tent, park the RV, pop-up trailer or pick-up truck, or roll out the sleeping bag. Whatever your method of camping, it will be a truly natural experience in the Ozark Mountains. Fees are charged on a number of Ozark-St. Francis recreation sites; however, there are many recreation sites on the forests which do not charge a fee.&nbsp;

The&nbsp;Ozark National Forest&nbsp;encompasses 1,200,000 acres (4,856&nbsp;km2) primarily in the scenic&nbsp;Ozark Mountains&nbsp;in northern&nbsp;Arkansas. The forest contains the tallest mountain in Arkansas,&nbsp;Mount Magazine, and&nbsp;Blanchard Springs Caverns. The southern section of the forest lies along the&nbsp;Arkansas River&nbsp;Valley south to the&nbsp;Ouachita Mountains. The forest was created in 1908 by proclamation of President&nbsp;Theodore Roosevelt. The forest is home to over 500 species of trees and woody plants. The forest contains five designated wilderness areas and several&nbsp;Wildlife Management Areas. In addition to the hiking trails, the forest provides trails designated for&nbsp;horseback riding,&nbsp;canoeing,&nbsp;mountain biking,...

Recreation in the Idaho mountains with a tent and read boats on a lake

Sawtooth National Forest&nbsp;is a&nbsp;National Forest&nbsp;that covers 2,110,408 acres (854,052 ha) in the&nbsp;U.S. states&nbsp;of&nbsp;Idaho&nbsp;(~96 percent) and&nbsp;Utah&nbsp;(~4 percent). Managed by the&nbsp;U.S. Forest Service&nbsp;in the&nbsp;U.S. Department of Agriculture. Sawtooth National Forest offers facilities for recreation, with four ski areas,&nbsp;whitewater&nbsp;and&nbsp;flatwater&nbsp;boating, hunting, 81 campgrounds, and over 1,000&nbsp;mi (1,600&nbsp;km) of trails and roads for&nbsp;hiking,&nbsp;mountain biking, and&nbsp;all-terrain vehicle&nbsp;use, including two&nbsp;National Recreation Trails.&nbsp;



Sawtooth offers cabins, campgrounds, and dispersed camping. See the US Forest Service for more information.&nbsp;

Sawtooth National Forest, Idaho

Sawtooth National Forest&nbsp;is a&nbsp;National Forest&nbsp;that covers 2,110,408 acres (854,052 ha) in the&nbsp;U.S. states&nbsp;of&nbsp;Idaho&nbsp;(~96 percent) and&nbsp;Utah&nbsp;(~4 percent). Managed by the&nbsp;U.S. Forest Service&nbsp;in the&nbsp;U.S. Department of Agriculture. Sawtooth National Forest offers facilities for recreation, with four ski areas,&nbsp;whitewater&nbsp;and&nbsp;flatwater&nbsp;boating, hunting, 81 campgrounds, and over 1,000&nbsp;mi (1,600&nbsp;km) of trails and roads for&nbsp;hiking,&nbsp;mountain biking, and&nbsp;all-terrain vehicle&nbsp;use, including two&nbsp;National Recreation Trails.&nbsp; Sawtooth offers cabins, campgrounds, and dispersed camping. See the US Forest Service for more information.&nbsp;

Sequoia Sunlight, General Grant Grove, Sequoia &amp; Kings Canyon National Park

Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California

Giant sequoia trees closeup in Sequoia National Park, California

Kings Canyon National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in the southern&nbsp;Sierra Nevada, in&nbsp;Fresno&nbsp;and&nbsp;Tulare Counties,&nbsp;California. Originally established in 1890 as General Grant National Park, the park was greatly expanded and renamed to Kings Canyon National Park on March 4, 1940. The park's namesake, Kings Canyon, is a rugged&nbsp;glacier-carved valley more than a mile (1,600&nbsp;m) deep. Other natural features include multiple 14,000-foot (4,300&nbsp;m) peaks, high mountain meadows, swift-flowing rivers, and some of the world's largest stands of&nbsp;giant sequoia&nbsp;trees. Kings Canyon is north of and contiguous with&nbsp;Sequoia National Park, and both parks are jointly administered by the&nbsp;National Park Service&nbsp;as the&nbsp;Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks.



There are fourteen campgrounds in these parks, including three that are open year-round. Campgrounds require reservations in advance, and sites are usually full.&nbsp;

Kings Canyon National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in the southern&nbsp;Sierra Nevada, in&nbsp;Fresno&nbsp;and&nbsp;Tulare Counties,&nbsp;California. Originally established in 1890 as General Grant National Park, the park was greatly expanded and renamed to Kings Canyon National Park on March 4, 1940. The park's namesake, Kings Canyon, is a rugged&nbsp;glacier-carved valley more than a mile (1,600&nbsp;m) deep. Other natural features include multiple 14,000-foot (4,300&nbsp;m) peaks, high mountain meadows, swift-flowing rivers, and some of the world's largest stands of&nbsp;giant sequoia&nbsp;trees. Kings Canyon is north of and contiguous with&nbsp;Sequoia National Park, and both parks...

Camping in Shenandoah National Park in Virginia in Summer

Shenandoah National Park, Virginia

Shenandoah National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;that encompasses part of the&nbsp;Blue Ridge Mountains&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Commonwealth of Virginia.&nbsp;The park is long and narrow, with the&nbsp;Shenandoah River&nbsp;and its broad&nbsp;valley&nbsp;to the west, and the rolling hills of the&nbsp;Virginia Piedmont&nbsp;to the east.&nbsp;Skyline Drive&nbsp;is the main park road, generally traversing near the ridgeline of the mountains. Almost 40% of the land area—79,579 acres (124.3&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 322.0&nbsp;km2)—has been designated as&nbsp;wilderness&nbsp;and is protected as part of the&nbsp;National Wilderness Preservation System. The highest peak is&nbsp;Hawksbill Mountain&nbsp;at 4,051 feet.



Shenandoah National Park campgrounds are open seasonally, from early spring until late fall.&nbsp;Reservations are highly recommended on weekends and holidays. Many sites can be reserved 6 months ahead of time. A free backcountry camping permit is required to camp in Shenandoah's backcountry.

Shenandoah National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;that encompasses part of the&nbsp;Blue Ridge Mountains&nbsp;in the&nbsp;Commonwealth of Virginia.&nbsp;The park is long and narrow, with the&nbsp;Shenandoah River&nbsp;and its broad&nbsp;valley&nbsp;to the west, and the rolling hills of the&nbsp;Virginia Piedmont&nbsp;to the east.&nbsp;Skyline Drive&nbsp;is the main park road, generally traversing near the ridgeline of the mountains. Almost 40% of the land area—79,579 acres (124.3&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi; 322.0&nbsp;km2)—has been designated as&nbsp;wilderness&nbsp;and is protected as part of the&nbsp;National Wilderness Preservation System. The highest peak is&nbsp;Hawksbill Mountain&nbsp;at 4,051 feet. Shenandoah National Park campgrounds are open seasonally, from early spring...

The&nbsp;White Mountain National Forest&nbsp;(WMNF) is a federally managed forest contained within the&nbsp;White Mountains&nbsp;in the northeastern United States. &nbsp;It has a total area of 750,852 acres (303,859&nbsp;ha) (1,225 sq mi). Most of the WMNF is in&nbsp;New Hampshire; a small part (about 5.65% of the forest) is in the neighboring state of&nbsp;Maine. While often casually referred to as a park, this is a&nbsp;national forest, used not only for hiking, camping, and skiing but for logging and other limited commercial purposes. Most of the&nbsp;major peaks over 4,000 feet high&nbsp;for&nbsp;peak-bagging&nbsp;in New Hampshire are located in the national forest. Over 100 miles (160&nbsp;km) of the&nbsp;Appalachian Trail&nbsp;traverses the White Mountain National Forest.&nbsp;



The White Mountain National Forest offers a variety of camping experiences: from family-friendly developed campgrounds, to popular backcountry sites, to the solitude of a Wilderness setting.

White Mountain National Forest, New Hampshire and Maine

The&nbsp;White Mountain National Forest&nbsp;(WMNF) is a federally managed forest contained within the&nbsp;White Mountains&nbsp;in the northeastern United States. &nbsp;It has a total area of 750,852 acres (303,859&nbsp;ha) (1,225 sq mi). Most of the WMNF is in&nbsp;New Hampshire; a small part (about 5.65% of the forest) is in the neighboring state of&nbsp;Maine. While often casually referred to as a park, this is a&nbsp;national forest, used not only for hiking, camping, and skiing but for logging and other limited commercial purposes. Most of the&nbsp;major peaks over 4,000 feet high&nbsp;for&nbsp;peak-bagging&nbsp;in New...

Yosemite National Park

Yosemite National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in&nbsp;California,&nbsp;surrounded on the southeast by&nbsp;Sierra National Forest&nbsp;and on the northwest by&nbsp;Stanislaus National Forest. The park is managed by the&nbsp;National Park Service&nbsp;and covers an area of 759,620 acres and sits in four&nbsp;counties: centered in&nbsp;Tuolumne&nbsp;and&nbsp;Mariposa, extending north and east to&nbsp;Mono&nbsp;and south to&nbsp;Madera County. Designated a&nbsp;World Heritage Site&nbsp;in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams,&nbsp;giant sequoia&nbsp;groves, lakes, mountains, meadows, glaciers, and&nbsp;biological diversity.&nbsp;Almost 95% of the park is designated&nbsp;wilderness. 



Yosemite National Park has&nbsp;13 popular campgrounds, of which up to seven are on a reservation system. From April through September, reservations are essential and even the&nbsp;first-come, first-served campgrounds&nbsp;usually fill by noon (often earlier) from April through September.

Yosemite National Park, California

Yosemite National Park&nbsp;is an American&nbsp;national park&nbsp;in&nbsp;California,&nbsp;surrounded on the southeast by&nbsp;Sierra National Forest&nbsp;and on the northwest by&nbsp;Stanislaus National Forest. The park is managed by the&nbsp;National Park Service&nbsp;and covers an area of 759,620 acres and sits in four&nbsp;counties: centered in&nbsp;Tuolumne&nbsp;and&nbsp;Mariposa, extending north and east to&nbsp;Mono&nbsp;and south to&nbsp;Madera County. Designated a&nbsp;World Heritage Site&nbsp;in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams,&nbsp;giant sequoia&nbsp;groves, lakes, mountains, meadows, glaciers, and&nbsp;biological diversity.&nbsp;Almost 95% of the park is designated&nbsp;wilderness. Yosemite National Park has&nbsp;13 popular campgrounds, of which up to seven are...

Today's Image of the Day from <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA Earth Observatory</a> features Ruang, a small volcanic island in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The tranquil environment of Ruang was shattered by a powerful volcanic eruption on the night of April 16, 2024.



This event has left the island's 800 residents grappling with its devastating aftermath, while scientists are assessing its potential global effects.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-a-violent-awakening-on-ruang">A violent awakening on Ruang</h2>



Ruang, located in the Sangihe Islands arc, is known for its long history of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/volcanic-eruptions-play-an-overlooked-role-in-earths-climate/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">volcanic activity</a>, but the intensity of the latest eruption has been particularly alarming. The <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/explosive-volcanic-eruption-triggered-an-hours-long-thunderstorm/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">eruption</a> produced explosive discharges, sending vast plumes of ash and gas soaring into the stratosphere. The force of nature transformed lush greenery into a gray wasteland.



“Late on April 16, 2024, the mountain roared to life, unleashing a series of explosive eruptions that, at times, sent plumes of ash and gas billowing high into the stratosphere. The eruption also bombarded the island with tephra, small pebbles of lapilli, and fine shards of pulverized rock called ash,” said NASA.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-extensive-damage-and-humanitarian-efforts">Extensive damage and humanitarian efforts</h2>



The eruption's immediate impact was severe, with settlements on the north side of Ruang and Laingpatehi village experiencing extensive damage due to volcanic debris.&nbsp;



More than 500 houses were destroyed or severely damaged, according to Indonesia’s disaster management agency, Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB). The heavy ashfall also impacted local agriculture, damaging crops and farms.&nbsp;



In response to the crisis, the Sam Ratulangi International Airport in nearby Manado was temporarily closed, disrupting travel and causing widespread flight cancellations. It was not until April 22 that the airport could reopen, following significant cleanup efforts and a decrease in the volcanic threat level.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-scientific-analysis-and-global-concerns">Scientific analysis and global concerns</h2>



The eruption has attracted significant scientific interest due to the vast quantities of ash and sulfur dioxide it emitted. Atmospheric scientist Ghassan Taha from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center noted, "We expect to see aerosol particles circulating in the stratosphere for weeks, if not months." This observation is critical as particles reaching this altitude can have extensive, albeit temporary, effects on global climate patterns.



Volcanologist Simon Carn from Michigan Technological University reported that the eruption released between 0.3 to 0.5 teragrams of sulfur dioxide on April 17 and 18. These levels, while substantial, fall below the threshold generally required to affect global temperatures significantly.&nbsp;



For context, the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption, which had a pronounced cooling effect on the Earth's climate, released approximately 20 teragrams of sulfur dioxide.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-preparedness-and-future-risks">Preparedness and future risks</h2>



In light of Ruang's active volcanic history and the potential for further eruptions, local authorities remain vigilant. The risk of lahars and tsunamis prompted immediate evacuations and multiple tsunami warnings, though, fortunately, no substantial tsunamis have occurred thus far. Over 16,000 residents have been evacuated from the most vulnerable areas, a move that has likely prevented any fatalities or serious injuries.



The 2024 <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/underwater-volcanic-eruptions-are-more-harmful-than-previously-believed/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">eruption</a> of Ruang is a stark reminder of the powerful and often unpredictable nature of volcanic islands. While the local and immediate impacts are devastating, the eruption also offers valuable data for scientists studying the broader implications of such natural events on atmospheric conditions and climate. 



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-more-about-ruang">More about Ruang</h2>



The population on Ruang is small, with residents primarily engaged in subsistence fishing and agriculture, which is typical of remote Indonesian islands. The island's terrain and soil fertility, influenced by volcanic ash, may support the cultivation of certain crops that are adapted to such conditions.



The Ruang volcano rises to about 725 meters above sea level, making it a prominent feature in the region. This area is part of the volcanic arc that includes numerous volcanoes produced by the subduction of the oceanic plate under the continental margin.



The active stratovolcano has had several recorded eruptions in history, with significant activity occurring in 1871, 1873, and 2002.&nbsp;



The image was captured by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on April 20, 2024.



Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory&nbsp;



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Ruang volcano eruption has devastated the tranquil island

Today's Image of the Day from NASA Earth Observatory features...

Today's Image of the Day from <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA Earth Observatory</a> features the Bermejo River and the Río Grande de Tarija, which flow through Argentina and Bolivia in South America. The photograph was captured by an astronaut onboard the International Space Station.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-meandering-rivers">Meandering rivers</h2>



“The meandering rivers in this image are sourced in the Andes Mountains and generally flow southeast through valleys in the foothills - the region between the high mountains and plains. The Iruya River deposits particles of silt and clay as it flows into the valley centered in this image,” said NASA.



“Visible indications of the rivers’ shifting channels include river islands, point bars (on the inside curve of streams), and several meander scars. Such scars form when a river gets cut off from the main flow and fills in with sediment, soil, and vegetation.”



“Sediment from the adjacent highlands filled valleys that were formed by tectonic forces driving uplift of the Andes. These deposits are subsequently carried by rivers, such as the Iruya, along with new sediment to form the light-toned braided channels and the adjacent darker-toned floodplains. Nutrient-rich floodplain soils provide fertile ground for agricultural fields.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-bermejo-river">Bermejo River</h2>



The Bermejo River originates in the Bolivian <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/biodiversity-hotspots-are-shrinking-in-the-andes-mountains/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Andes</a> and flows into Argentina. It plays a crucial role in the geographical and ecological landscape of the region. The river's course is characterized by its meandering path through the Gran Chaco plain, making it a significant river in the region's hydrological system.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-economic-importance">Economic importance</h3>



The Bermejo River is vital for agriculture, providing essential water resources for irrigation. It also has potential for hydroelectric power generation.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-biodiversity-nbsp">Biodiversity&nbsp;</h3>



The diverse habitats created by the Bermejo River, including its riverbanks, floodplains, and adjacent forests, support rich biodiversity. However, the wildlife in this region faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change, making conservation efforts critical for their survival.



<a href="https://www.earth.com/news/jaguars-in-the-amazon-are-threatened-by-climate-extremes/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Jaguars</a> are the apex predators of this region, and are occasionally spotted along the riverbanks, where they hunt. Large, herbivorous mammals called tapirs are found in the forests around the Bermejo River. They often visit the river to drink and cool off.



Capibaras, the world’s largest rodents, are commonly found in the wetlands and along the river edges.



The tallest flying bird found in South and Central America, jabirus can often be seen in wetlands along the Bermejo River. Toco toucans, known for their colorful bills, can be found in the forested areas near the river.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-rio-grande-de-tarija">Río Grande de Tarija</h2>



The Río Grande de Tarija, also known in its lower stretches as the Guadalquivir, flows primarily within Bolivia. It is a critical watercourse in the Tarija Department, contributing significantly to the region's agriculture and livelihoods.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-economic-importance-0">Economic importance</h3>



This river is essential for irrigation, supporting a variety of crops and contributing to the local economy. The surrounding lands are fertile and productive, thanks to the river's water.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-challenges">Challenges</h3>



Similar to other rivers, the Río Grande de Tarija faces challenges such as water management issues, <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/predicting-the-effects-of-pollutants-on-river-ecosystems/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">pollution</a>, and the impacts of climate change on its flow and health.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-wildlife-in-bolivian-rivers">Wildlife in Bolivian rivers</h3>



River basins in Bolivia are home to a wide range of bird species, including various species of herons, egrets, kingfishers, and perhaps even some rarer species like the wattled jacana or the sunbittern. The diverse birdlife is attracted to the abundance of fish and the relatively untouched natural habitats along the river.



The Characidae family includes many fish species that are commonly found in South American rivers, such as tetras. They are known for their diversity and are a key part of the river's ecosystem, serving as both <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/diving-to-extremes-predatory-fish-frequent-the-oceans-twilight-zone/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">predator</a> and prey.



Cichlids are another diverse group of fish that can be found in South American rivers. They are appreciated by aquarium enthusiasts worldwide and play significant roles in their ecosystems as both predators and herbivores.



The rivers of Bolivia are also home to various catfish species, which are well adapted to life in muddy and turbulent waters. These include the armored catfish, which are often found clinging to rocks and logs.



Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory/ ISS Crew Earth Observations Facility/ Earth Science and Remote Sensing Unit, Johnson Space Center



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<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-nbsp">&nbsp;</h3>

The Río Grande de Tarija and Bermejo River in South America

Today's Image of the Day from <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA Earth Observatory</a> features the delta of the Ebro River on the northeast coast of Spain, captured by the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-ebro-river">Ebro River</h2>



“Stretching across 910 km of northern Spain, the Ebro River is the second-longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. In the image, it can be seen as a green line winding its way through the peninsula before flowing into the Mediterranean, shaping the Ebro Delta,” noted ESA.



“The Ebro River discharges more water into the sea than any other river in Spain. As suspended sediment flows from the river’s mouth, it tints the coastal waters with a turquoise hue.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-ebro-delta">Ebro Delta</h2>



The Ebro Delta is one of the largest <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/wetland-methane-emissions-have-surged-at-high-latitudes/">wetland areas</a> in the western Mediterranean region. The river's basin is the largest in Spain, covering about 85,000 square kilometers.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-historical-significance-nbsp">Historical significance&nbsp;</h2>



Historically, the Ebro River has been significant in numerous battles, including the famous Battle of the Ebro during the Spanish Civil War, which was one of the war's longest and deadliest conflicts.&nbsp;



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-economic-significance-nbsp">Economic significance&nbsp;</h2>



Economically, the Ebro plays a crucial role in agriculture, particularly in regions like La Rioja and Navarre, which are known for their vineyards. Additionally, the river supports various industries and hydroelectric power generation.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-ecological-significance">Ecological significance</h2>



The Ebro Delta is ecologically rich, providing habitat for diverse bird species. It is also a vital area for rice cultivation in Spain.&nbsp;



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-nature-reserve">Nature reserve</h3>



“Most of the delta comprises the Ebro Delta Nature Reserve. With its protected wetlands, beaches, marshes, salt pans and estuaries, this reserve provides a natural habitat for numerous migratory birds and waterfowl,” said ESA.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-environmental-challenges-nbsp">Environmental challenges&nbsp;</h3>



The river and its delta face environmental challenges such as pollution, water extraction for irrigation, and the impacts of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/climate-change-may-have-altered-river-flow-worldwide/">climate change</a>, which threaten its ecosystem and the sustainability of its water resources.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-northeast-coast-of-spain">The northeast coast of Spain</h2>



The northeast coast of Spain is a vibrant and diverse region, characterized by its rich history, unique culture, and stunning landscapes. 



It includes the autonomous communities of Catalonia, which features the dynamic city of Barcelona, and part of the Valencian Community. This area is also part of what is known as the Costa Brava, which stretches from the town of Blanes up to the French border.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-geography">Geography</h3>



The <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/human-activity-impacts-97-percent-of-the-worlds-coastline/">coastline</a> is renowned for its rugged beauty, with rocky cliffs, secluded coves, and small beaches. The interior regions feature mountains such as the Pyrenees, which offer skiing in winter and hiking in the summer.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-cultural-heritage">Cultural heritage</h3>



The area has a strong cultural identity, particularly in Catalonia, where there is a significant movement for independence. The Catalan language is widely spoken alongside Spanish. The region is also known for its festivals, architecture (notably the works of Antoni Gaudí in Barcelona), and traditional dances like the Sardana.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-cuisine">Cuisine</h3>



The cuisine is a delightful mix of fresh seafood from the Mediterranean, traditional Catalan dishes like "pa amb tomàquet" (bread with tomato), and rice dishes such as paella in the Valencian region. The area is also famous for its wines, including the sparkling wine Cava.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-tourism">Tourism</h3>



The northeast coast attracts millions of tourists each year due to its beautiful beaches, historical sites, and vibrant cities. Barcelona, in particular, is a major tourist destination with attractions like the Sagrada Familia, Park Güell, and the bustling La Rambla.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-economy">Economy</h3>



The economy of the northeast coast is one of the most dynamic in Spain, with Barcelona serving as a major hub for trade, education, entertainment, and technology.



Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory



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The Ebro River on the northeast coast of Spain

Today's Image of the Day from <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA Earth Observatory</a> features the United Arab Emirates, where a slow-moving storm system dumped more than a year's worth of rainfall in just a few hours. 



“The UAE’s National Center for Meteorology reported that eastern parts of the country measured up to 250 millimeters (10 inches) of rain in less than 24 hours. UAE, known for its dry desert climate, receives only about 140 to 200 millimeters (5.5 to 8 inches) of rainfall per year,” said NASA.



“Dubai International Airport recorded 119 millimeters on April 16, which is 1.5 times its typical annual rainfall. The deluge temporarily halted flights at the airport, which is among the world’s busiest for international travel.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-heaviest-rainfall-on-record-in-the-united-arab-emirates-nbsp">Heaviest rainfall on record in the United Arab Emirates&nbsp;</h2>



Authorities noted that this was the heaviest <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/record-heat-fueled-unexpected-and-deadly-storms-in-2023/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">rainfall</a> on record in the United Arab Emirates. The news agency WAM called it a historic weather event that surpassed “anything documented since the start of data collection in 1949.”&nbsp;



“Heavy rain triggered flash flooding across eastern parts of the country, inundating roads and disrupting transportation,” said NASA. “The system first hit Oman on April 14 and continued to batter the UAE through most of the day on April 16.”&nbsp;



At least 18 people were killed in the <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/heavy-rainfall-events-in-the-northeast-are-set-to-increase-by-over-50-percent/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">heavy rains</a> in Oman, including ten children that were swept away in a vehicle with one adult, according to a statement from the country’s National Committee for Emergency Management.&nbsp;



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-strong-low-pressure-system">Strong low-pressure system</h2>



Michael Mann, a climate scientist at the University of Pennsylvania, noted that three low-pressure systems formed a train of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/thunderstorms-are-becoming-more-intense-due-to-climate-change/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">storms</a> slowly moving along the jet stream - the river of air that moves weather systems - toward the Persian Gulf.&nbsp;



“The strong low-pressure system delivered multiple rounds of high winds and heavy rain to the northern and eastern parts of the country,” said NASA. “Some areas remained flooded on April 19, when Landsat 9 passed over the region for the first time since the storms.”&nbsp;



Climate experts attribute such extreme weather events to <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/limiting-global-warming-to-1-5-degrees-celsius-would-save-billions-of-lives/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">global warming</a>. According to a report from Reuters, researchers anticipate that climate change will lead to hotter temperatures, increased humidity, and a greater risk of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/seeking-ways-to-prevent-flooding-caused-by-climate-change/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">flooding</a> in parts of the Gulf region. “Countries like the UAE where there is a lack of drainage infrastructure to cope with heavy rains can suffer the most,” the report stated.&nbsp;



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-more-about-the-united-arab-emirates-nbsp">More about the United Arab Emirates&nbsp;</h2>



The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation of seven emirates located on the eastern side of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders Oman and Saudi Arabia, and has maritime borders with Iran and Qatar in the Persian Gulf. Established as a federation in 1971, the UAE has rapidly developed into one of the most modern and wealthy nations in the world, largely thanks to its vast oil and natural gas reserves.



Abu Dhabi serves as the capital and is the largest emirate, both in terms of land area and economy, largely because it holds the majority of the UAE's oil reserves. Dubai is the most populous city and is renowned globally for its spectacular skyscrapers, including the Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, as well as its bustling ports, and vibrant tourism and shopping sectors.



The UAE has a diverse and multicultural society with a significant expatriate population, drawn by business opportunities and the tax-free living in many sectors. The official language is Arabic, though English is widely spoken, especially in business and educational settings.



Politically, the UAE is a federal absolute monarchy. It is governed by a Supreme Council of Rulers made up of the seven emirs, who appoint the prime minister and the cabinet. The country has made significant strides in terms of infrastructure and healthcare, and it continues to invest heavily in various sectors including renewable energy, education, and technology.



Culturally, the UAE balances its rapid modernization with a strong commitment to traditional Arab culture. The heritage of the desert Bedouin lifestyle is celebrated with falconry, camel racing, and traditional dance remaining integral to its cultural festivities. The nation is also a major hub for international arts and sports events, enhancing its global profile and cultural footprint.



Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory&nbsp;



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Storms dumped record rainfall in the United Arab Emirates

Today's Image of the Day from the <a href="https://www.esa.int/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">European Space Agency </a>features the barred spiral galaxy NGC 3783, which is located about 130 million light-years away in the constellation Centaurus. NGC 3783 is also the most prominent of a galaxy group (by the same name) that contains 47 <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/james-webb-captures-galaxies-that-are-too-old-to-exist/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">galaxies</a>. 



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-galaxy-groups">Galaxy groups</h2>



“Like galaxy clusters, galaxy groups are aggregates of gravitationally bound galaxies. Galaxy groups, however, are less massive and contain fewer members than <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/titanic-galaxy-cluster-collision-defies-all-current-understanding-of-the-universe/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">galaxy clusters</a> do: where galaxy clusters can contain hundreds or even thousands of constituent galaxies, galaxy groups do not typically include more than 50,” noted ESA.



“The Milky Way is actually part of a galaxy group, known as the Local Group, which contains two other large galaxies (Andromeda and the Triangulum galaxy), as well as several dozen satellite and dwarf galaxies.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-hd-101274-a-blue-giant-star">HD 101274: A blue giant star</h2>



The bright object that appears to the right of the galaxy is the star HD 101274. “The perspective in this image makes the star and the galaxy look like close companions, but this is an illusion. HD 101274 lies only about 1,530 light-years from Earth, meaning it is about 85 thousand times closer than NGC 3783,” explained ESA.&nbsp;



HD 101274 is part of the NGC 3766 cluster, which is sometimes referred to as the Pearl Cluster, an open cluster known for its richness in bright stars and its relatively young age.



HD 101274 is categorized as a blue giant star, characterized by its high temperature and luminosity. Blue giants are massive stars that have left the main sequence phase of stellar evolution and are burning helium or heavier elements in their cores. These stars are known for their short lifespans relative to smaller stars due to their rapid consumption of nuclear fuel.



<a href="https://www.earth.com/news/dark-stars-scientists-discover-a-new-type-of-star-powered-by-dark-matter/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Stars</a> like HD 101274 are important for astronomers because they help in studying the properties of stellar populations in clusters and the dynamics of stellar evolution in different environments. The spectral and photometric observations of such stars can provide valuable insights into the characteristics of their atmospheres, internal structures, and the processes occurring within and around them.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-bright-central-region-of-ngc-3783">Bright central region of NGC 3783</h2>



One of the most interesting aspects of NGC 3783 is that it harbors an active galactic nucleus, meaning its central region is exceptionally luminous, likely due to the presence of a supermassive black hole. This black hole is actively accreting material, which emits a substantial amount of radiation as it spirals inward and heats up.



This galaxy is particularly known for its bright central region and has been studied extensively in the ultraviolet and X-ray light spectra to understand better the properties of the accretion disk around the black hole and the complex dynamics of the material surrounding it. These studies are crucial for understanding the physics of active galactic nuclei and the role they play in <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/galaxies-like-our-own-milky-way-are-not-unique/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">galaxy evolution</a>.



According to ESA, NGC 3783 is a Type I Seyfert galaxy. “In this image it is recorded by Hubble in incredible detail, from its glowing central bar to its narrow, winding arms and the dust threaded through them, thanks to five separate images taken in different wavelengths of light," noted ESA.



“In fact, the galactic center is bright enough to Hubble that it exhibits diffraction spikes, normally only seen on stars such as HD 101274.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-more-about-the-ngc-3783-galaxy-group">More about the NGC 3783 galaxy group</h2>



The NGC 3783 group is part of the larger Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster, which itself is a massive collection of galaxies and galaxy clusters located primarily in the constellations of Hydra and Centaurus.



The NGC 3783 group consists of several galaxies that are gravitationally bound and interact with each other. These interactions can influence the galaxies' evolution through mechanisms like tidal forces and merger events, which can trigger star formation, fuel central black holes, and reshape the galaxies' structures.



Studying groups like the NGC 3783 group helps astronomers understand how <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/ceers-2112-ancient-galaxy-looks-strikingly-similar-to-ours/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">galaxies</a> evolve together in a common gravitational environment, offering insights into the dynamics and evolution of structures on cosmic scales. This is especially relevant in understanding how galaxies influence each other through gravitational interactions and the environmental effects on galaxy evolution.



Image Credit: ESA/Hubble &amp; NASA



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The luminous galaxy NGC 3783 and a blue giant star

Today's Image of the Day from the European Space Agency...

Today's Image of the Day from <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA Earth Observatory</a> features sediment swirling in the Gulf of Alaska on December 29, 2023.



"After an unusually snowy start to winter, southern Alaska’s coastline remained under a blanket of white in late December," said NASA.



"Meanwhile, greens and tans swirled in the dark blue water offshore. The dullness of the hues near shore suggests that the water is mostly colored by sediment. It is likely that phytoplankton - microscopic plant-like organisms - contributed to some of the hues farther from the coast."



According to NASA, much of the sediment in this region comes from “glacial flour” carried into the gulf by the Copper River.&nbsp;



"Glacial flour forms as glaciers move over bedrock and grind it into a fine silt. When suspended in water, glacial flour can make the water appear an opaque turquoise color - similar to phytoplankton blooms. The sediment carries iron and other nutrients that can spur the growth of these tiny marine organisms," explained NASA.



Aimee Neeley, a biological oceanographer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, noted that there are always phytoplankton in the water, but usually at lower levels in the wintertime at these latitudes.



The Gulf of Alaska is a vast and biologically rich body of water that lies at the northernmost part of the Pacific Ocean, encircled by Alaska.&nbsp;



The gulf extends approximately 1,500 miles from the Alaska Peninsula and the Aleutian Islands in the west to the Alexander Archipelago in the east.



Characterized by a subarctic climate, it's known for heavy rain and <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/sea-ice-loss-increases-snowfall-over-west-antarctica/">snowfall</a>. The region is also prone to frequent storms and is a significant pathway for colder northern weather patterns moving into the United States.



The Gulf of Alaska is home to a diverse marine ecosystem. It supports many species of fish, such as salmon and halibut, and is also a habitat for marine mammals like whales, sea lions, and seals.



The image was captured by the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) instrument on NASA’s Aqua satellite.



Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory&nbsp;



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Sediment swirling in the Gulf of Alaska

Today's Image of the Day from <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA Earth Observatory</a> features an astronaut view of the Aladaghlar Mountains in northwestern Iran. These mountains are known for their strikingly colorful landscapes, which make them stand out among other mountain ranges.



"Ridges cast shadows in the valleys and other low elevation areas, creating a three-dimensional appearance. Human alterations to the landscape are most evident in riverbeds, where the even topography is easier to build on and navigate," said NASA.



"Natural processes over millions of years have folded rock layers of various compositions and colors into the curved patterns seen here. These folds are produced by tectonic forces operating along the convergent plate boundary of the Arabia and Eurasia plates. The convergence of these tectonic plates causes uplift, folding, and deformation of the colorful rock layers, and subsequent erosion exposes them."



One of the most remarkable features of the Aladaghlar Mountains is the vivid coloration of their slopes. The name "Aladaghlar" translates to "Colorful Mountains," which is a testament to their unique appearance. 



The Aladaghlar Mountains are part of a larger ecosystem that includes forests, meadows, and rivers, contributing to a rich biodiversity. The region supports a variety of wildlife, including several species that are unique to the area. The diverse wildlife add to the natural beauty and ecological importance of these <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/how-and-why-do-mountains-form-new-theories-for-an-age-old-mystery/">mountains</a>.



In addition to their natural appeal, the Aladaghlar Mountains hold cultural significance. The region has a rich history, with evidence of ancient civilizations and historical sites. Local communities have their unique cultures and traditions, which have been influenced by the natural environment of the mountains.



Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory&nbsp;



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The Aladaghlar Mountains of northwestern Iran

Today's Image of the Day from <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">NASA Earth Observatory</a> features a large sediment plume from the Yangtze River that extends hundreds of kilometers off the coast of China.



"Brown, sediment-laden water is visible along this shallow, turbid stretch of coast year-round, but a vast plume like the one visible here is a characteristic feature of winter. Scientists have proposed several causes of this seasonal phenomenon," said NASA.



"The ebb and flow of tides contain enough energy to stir up sediments from the seafloor, a 2017 study found. While there are also tides in the summer, the models used in the study showed that sediment only rises to the surface in the winter. That’s when temperatures and salinities at the sea surface and bottom are similar, allowing for vertical mixing to occur and for sediment to churn higher into the water column."



Additional studies have suggested that the summer monsoon’s influence on currents impedes the eastward flow of sediment out of the estuaries, noted NASA.



"Despite what looks like a glut of suspended sediment in the water, the overall amount of it flowing from the Yangtze River has declined steadily over the past several decades. The construction of dams, including the Three Gorges Dam, has been the primary driver of this trend."



It is important for scientists to track the movement of suspended sediment. This material can cause direct harm to marine life, as well as indirect harm by blocking sunlight.



The Yangtze River, also known as the Chang Jiang in Chinese, is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world, following the Nile and the <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/amazon-river-dolphins-are-at-great-risk-of-extinction-due-to-human-activities/">Amazon</a>. It flows for over 6,300 kilometers (about 3,917 miles) from the glaciers of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in western China to the East China Sea at Shanghai.&nbsp;



The Yangtze River basin is a key region for China's agriculture, industry, and hydroelectric power production. The river's waters are used for irrigation, navigation, and as a source of freshwater. The basin is home to diverse wildlife, including the critically endangered Yangtze river dolphin or Baiji, which may now be extinct.



The image was captured on February 12, 2024 by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite sensor on the NOAA-20 satellite.



Image Credit: NASA Earth Observatory



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Sediment flows offshore from the Yangtze River 

The MODIS instrument, short for Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, is a key instrument aboard the Terra and Aqua satellites. MODIS is playing a vital role in the development of Earth ecosystem models, able to predict global changes, which then assist policy makers in making informed decisions about the protection of the global environment.

Heavy snow and cloud cover in the Alps are seen in this Image of the day&nbsp;from the <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/">NASA Earth Observatory</a> and features a look at heavy snow and low clouds in the Alps. Wildlife such as ibex live in the higher peaks to elevations of 3,400 m (11,155 ft), and plants such as Edelweiss grow in rocky areas in lower elevations as well as in higher elevations.

Heavy snow and cloud cover in the Alps

Monitoring Earth Changes with MODIS

Aqua is a NASA scientific research satellite that studies precipitation, evaporation, and water cycles. Terra and Aura make up the Earth Observing System. It's the second component of the system.

A frozen Lake Erie in February Today’s Image of the Day comes from the <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/">NASA Earth Observatory</a> and features a look at a frozen <a href="https://www.earth.com/image/icy-lake-erie/">Lake Erie</a>, which is currently 93.3 percent iced over. A frozen Lake Erie in February
This false-color image was created using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board the Aqua satellite to differentiate between snow, ice, and clouds.
Lake Erie /ˈɪəri/ (French: Lac Érié) is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area.It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time. At its deepest point Lake Erie is 210 feet (64 metres) deep. 
Situated on the International Boundary between Canada and the United States, Lake Erie&#8217;s northern shore is the Canadian province of Ontario, specifically the Ontario Peninsula, with the U.S. states of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its western, southern, and eastern shores. These jurisdictions divide the surface area of the lake with water boundaries. 
The lake was named by the Erie people, a Native American people who lived along its southern shore. The tribal name &#8220;erie&#8221; is a shortened form of the Iroquoian word erielhonan, meaning long tail
&#8212;
By <a href="mailto:rarnold@earth.com">Rory Arnold</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff">Earth.com</a> Staff Writer
Image Credit: <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/">NASA Earth Observatory</a>

A frozen Lake Erie in February

Aqua Earth Observing Satellite

This beautiful photo gallery contains 50 incredible images of Earth from Space. These images were taken by astronauts onboard the International Space Station, as well as by a multitude of NASA satellites orbiting the earth.

Today’s Image of the Day comes thanks to the <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=90654&amp;eocn=home&amp;eoci=iotd_readmore">NASA Earth Observatory</a> and features a look at Super Typhoon Noru in the Pacific Ocean just south of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/first-blue-chrysanthemums-created/">Japan</a>.
This image was captured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Aqua satellite on July 31, 2017. 
At the time the photo was taken, Typhoon Noru was located just 250 kilometers south of Iwo Jima. Maximum sustained winds hit 150 miles per hour.
The storm briefly became a category 5 on July 30, before being downgraded to a category 4 one day later.
&#8211;
By <a href="mailto:rarnold@earth.com">Rory Arnold</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff">Earth.com</a> Staff Writer
Source: <a href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=90654&amp;eocn=home&amp;eoci=iotd_readmore">NASA Earth Observatory</a>

Super Typhoon Noru in the Pacific Ocean

Incredible Images of Earth from Space

Photos from the International Space Station are found in this awesome Earth.com image gallery. Flat-earthers won't agree, but these incredible photos of the Earth were taken by astronauts onboard the International Space Station. The International Space Station is a modular space station in low Earth orbit.

Northern Italy from the space station is seen here in this Image of the Day from the <a href="http://www.esa.int/">European Space Agency</a> (ESA). The view includes the top half of the Italian Peninsula, along with <a href="https://www.earth.com/image/wildfires-burn-northern-corsica/">Corsica</a> and Sardinia off the coast. This image was captured by ESA astronaut Paolo Nespoli on his third and final mission to the Space Station.

Northern Italy from the Space Station

Photos from the International Space Station

For centuries, the glow of gold's luminescence -- the process by which materials emit light after exposure -- has fascinated scientists. 



Traditionally linked to semiconductors like silicon, luminescence aids scientists in understanding vital electronic processes, especially in devices like <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/fools-gold-may-prove-valuable-for-making-solar-cells/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">solar cells</a>.



However, researchers recently achieved a breakthrough that has clarified the behavior of metals under luminescence, which had long remained a mystery.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-cracking-the-code-to-gold-s-luminescence">Cracking the code to gold's luminescence</h2>



Metals have been known to emit light since 1969, but understanding their luminescence has eluded scientists for decades. Consequently, this mystery persisted due to the complex quantum mechanical effects that govern luminescence at the <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/scientists-can-now-put-nanoscale-tattoos-onto-individual-cells-inside-your-body/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">nanoscale</a>.



The breakthrough came from Giulia Tagliabue's team at the Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (<a href="https://www.epfl.ch/labs/lnet/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">LNET</a>), within a prestigious School of Engineering.



They developed high-quality monocrystalline gold films, ranging from 13 to 113 nanometers thick. These films were key to eliminating the confounding factors that had obscured earlier experiments.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-laser-beams-reveal-gold-s-luminescence">Laser beams reveal gold's luminescence</h2>



Using focused laser beams, the researchers observed a faint glow from these gold films. This unexpected and detailed data prompted collaboration with theoreticians from the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (<a href="https://bist.eu/">BIST</a>), the <a href="https://www.sdu.dk/en" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">University of Southern Denmark</a>, and the <a href="https://www.rpi.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute</a> in the USA. 



Together, they applied refined quantum mechanical models to interpret the results. Subsequently, this collaborative effort resulted in the first complete and quantitative model of photoluminescence in <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/fools-gold-may-be-a-valuable-source-of-lithium/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">gold</a>.



This model defines how electrons and their counterparts, known as holes, respond to light in a specific way unique to photoluminescence.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-surprising-quantum-effects">Surprising quantum effects</h2>



As the team investigated further, they found unusual quantum effects in unexpectedly thick gold films.



“We observed certain quantum mechanical effects emerging in films of up to about 40 nanometers, which was unexpected. "Normally for a metal, you don’t see such effects until you go well below 10 nm,” Tagliabue clarified.



This finding is crucial because it pinpoints exactly where luminescence occurs in the gold, which is essential for using it as a probe in scientific research.



Additionally, the researchers discovered a new use for the gold's photoluminescent signal. It can measure surface temperatures at the <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/stunning-discovery-first-evidence-of-a-self-healing-metal/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">nanoscale</a>, offering a significant benefit due to the difficulties associated with temperature measurements in such small scales.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-tackling-climate-change-with-new-technologies">Tackling climate change with new technologies</h2>



The implications of this research extend far beyond basic science. “To combat climate change, we are going to need technologies to convert CO2 into other useful chemicals one way or another,” stated Alan Bowman, a postdoctoral researcher at LNET and the study’s first author.



Gold and copper, which the team will explore next, are vital for triggering chemical reactions that produce solar fuels. 



These fuels convert solar energy into chemical bonds, offering a sustainable energy storage solution. Improved understanding of metal surfaces through luminescence could enhance the efficiency of these reactions.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-understanding-gold-s-glow-and-metal-luminescence">Understanding gold's glow and metal luminescence</h2>



In summary, the LNET team's fascinating research has settled the long-standing debate surrounding metal luminescence and gold's "glow" while unlocking new possibilities for nanoscale temperature mapping and energy research.



By developing high-quality metal gold films and applying innovative <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/bridging-quantum-classical-physics-nanoparticle-entanglement/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">quantum mechanical</a> modeling methods, the researchers have unveiled unexpected quantum effects and demonstrated the potential of photoluminescence as a self-probing tool for surface temperature. 



As the world faces the urgent challenge of climate change, these findings pave the way for more efficient and effective technologies to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals, offering hope for a more sustainable future. 



The LNET team's work marks the beginning of a new era in understanding metal luminescence and its far-reaching implications for energy research and beyond.



The full study was published in the journal <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-024-01408-2" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Light Science &amp; Applications</a>.



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Gold owes its 'glow' and luminescence to the quantum realm

For centuries, the glow of gold's luminescence -- the process...

Each day, roughly 43 million Americans indulge in at least one slice of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/physics-perfect-pizza/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">pizza</a>, contributing an impressive $47 billion annually to the U.S. economy. A significant portion of these pizzas arrives in corrugated cardboard boxes, posing a notable challenge for waste management due to their contamination with fats, oils, and greases (FOGs). Therefore, recycling pizza boxes is essential.



Unfortunately, the contaminants make pizza boxes a <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/global-recycling-day-creating-a-healthier-planet-for-all/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">recycling</a> nightmare. Delicious, cheesy slices leave a greasy residue that renders the pizza boxes unsuitable for traditional recycling processes.



Compounds like peanut butter and pizza box grease are also incredibly difficult to clean off, essentially relegating many of these boxes to landfills.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-recycling-pizza-boxes">Recycling pizza boxes</h2>



Researchers at Idaho National Laboratory (<a href="https://inl.gov/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">INL</a>) have embarked on a mission to change this. Consequently, they've developed a new method to decontaminate cardboard, which could revolutionize recycling practices for food containers. 



Their latest publication in the Journal of Cleaner Production details this breakthrough, highlighting a process that uses material separation capabilities to address the issue.



"To make specific separations possible, we need to first prove the overall concept of material separations, which is what this study accomplished," explained Aaron Wilson, the principal investigator for this project.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-dimethyl-ether-for-pizza-box-recycling">Dimethyl ether for pizza box recycling</h2>



The heart of their experiment lies in the use of dimethyl ether (DME), a green solvent known for its use in refrigeration. The team designed a system with two vertical stainless-steel reactors to facilitate the extraction and separation of FOGs from contaminated cardboard. 



The process begins by mixing broken-down cardboard pieces with DME, which pulls the contaminants out of the cardboard. The system then <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/people-recycle-know-new-products/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">recycles</a> this solvent, allowing for continuous operation without creating waste.



"The reactor process allowed us to extract the contaminants into separate fractions," Wilson shared, noting the successful separation of oils, water, and dryer solids into distinct components.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-pizza-box-recycling-on-the-front-lines">Pizza box recycling on the front lines</h2>



The implications of this research extend beyond just cleaner recycling. Originally part of a research initiative linked to the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) <a href="https://www.darpa.mil/program/resource" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">ReSource Program</a>, the technology developed could significantly reduce the logistical footprint of military operations by transforming waste into useful resources. 



This has potential benefits for operational security and efficiency, particularly in hostile environments where supply lines are vulnerable.



"Knowing that this works for the highly contaminated <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/creators-of-forever-chemicals-covered-up-the-toxic-dangers-for-decades/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">pizza boxes</a> has helped validate the system for use in the battlefield," stated Jeff Lacey, another leading researcher on the project. 



Lacey's team is now focused on refining the technology to enhance its portability and efficiency, critical factors for deployment in military contexts.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-sustainable-future">Sustainable future</h2>



The successful application of this technology to pizza box waste not only promotes environmental sustainability but also opens doors to myriad other applications. From converting military waste to enabling more efficient battery recycling, the potential is vast.



"In essence, this research has many possible applications for national security and a net-zero future," Lacey concluded.



This initiative represents a significant step forward in tackling the recycling challenges posed by everyday waste and could pave the way for innovative <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/international-day-of-zero-waste-a-global-commitment-to-a-sustainable-future/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">waste management</a> solutions across various sectors.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-benefits-of-recycling-pizza-boxes">Benefits of recycling pizza boxes</h2>



Recycling pizza boxes offers substantial environmental and economic benefits that contribute to sustainability efforts. Here’s a detailed look at these advantages:



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-reduces-waste-in-landfills">Reduces waste in landfills</h3>



One of the immediate benefits of recycling pizza boxes is the reduction of waste sent to landfills. Pizza boxes are made from corrugated cardboard, which is biodegradable but can still take a considerable amount of time to decompose in landfill conditions. 



Moreover, the presence of greases and residues can slow down this process and contribute to the production of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. By recycling, these materials are reused rather than occupying landfill space.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-conserves-natural-resources">Conserves natural resources</h3>



Recycling cardboard, including pizza boxes, helps conserve valuable natural resources, particularly wood fibers. The fibers in cardboard can be recycled several times before they become too short for paper production. This means that fewer trees need to be cut down to produce new cardboard, helping to preserve forests and the biodiversity within them.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-saves-energy">Saves energy</h3>



The process of recycling cardboard uses significantly less energy than producing new cardboard from virgin pulp. Energy savings arise from reduced demands in raw material extraction, transportation, and processing. By using less energy, recycling also lowers greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change mitigation.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-prevents-pollution">Prevents pollution</h3>



By recycling pizza boxes, pollution generated from the production of new cardboard is also reduced. The manufacturing of cardboard from virgin materials involves various chemical processes that can release pollutants into the air and water. Recycling helps to minimize these pollutants, leading to cleaner air and water.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-economic-benefits">Economic benefits </h3>



Recycling creates more jobs than landfilling or incineration. The process of collecting, sorting, and processing recyclable materials is more labor-intensive than using these materials as a fuel source or burying them. This means more employment opportunities in the recycling and manufacturing industries.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-encourages-sustainable-practices">Encourages sustainable practices</h3>



Recycling pizza boxes can foster a culture of recycling and sustainability within communities. When people engage in recycling, they become more aware of their waste habits and environmental impact. This awareness can lead to broader support for other sustainable practices, such as reducing plastic use, conserving water, and supporting renewable energy.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-improves-community-health-and-safety">Improves community health and safety</h3>



By reducing the amount of waste in landfills and decreasing pollution from new production processes, recycling helps to improve overall community health. Less landfill waste reduces potential soil and water contamination, and fewer emissions mean cleaner air and fewer respiratory issues for the community.



The full study was published in the journal <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652623032389?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Journal of Cleaner Production</a>.



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New recycling solution tackles greasy pizza boxes

Each day, roughly 43 million Americans indulge in at least...

The tobacco industry may have found a new way to target our <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/social-media-platforms-earned-11-billion-last-year-from-kids-in-the-u-s/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">kids</a>, and it's hiding in plain sight. Disguised as cool vibes and social trends, a new study reveals that <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/social-media-posts-are-not-a-good-representation-of-our-true-selves/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">social media</a> is having a powerful influence on teen smoking initiation.



What seems like harmless digital content can have lasting, real-world consequences. A remarkable new study by Boston University School of Public Health (<a href="https://www.bu.edu/sph/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">BUSPH</a>) sheds light on this worrying connection, demonstrating how social media use heavily influences youth habits.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-social-media-use-and-smoking">Social media use and smoking</h2>



According to the study, teens who use social media every day face a 67% higher risk of starting to smoke compared to those who use these platforms less often. This demonstrates the powerful influence social media has on youth behavior.



Approximately 10% of middle and high school students – a staggering 2.8 million kids – are currently using at least one tobacco product. This shockingly high number shows how successful tobacco companies are in reaching young people.



Moreover, e-cigarettes and vaping are making the problem even worse. Many teens now use multiple tobacco products, increasing their exposure to harmful chemicals and long-term health risks.



"Our results add to a growing body of literature documenting the harms of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/spending-less-time-on-social-media-improves-your-mental-health/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">social media</a> use for this age group, as well as how commercial interests such as the tobacco industry are targeting kids on these platforms," says study lead author Dr. Lynsie Ranker, assistant professor of community health sciences at BUSPH.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-tobacco-industry-targeting-young-minds">Tobacco industry targeting young minds</h2>



The tobacco industry has a long history of targeting youth, and social media is their latest weapon. Their tactics are carefully designed to appeal to and manipulate young minds.



Flavors like cotton candy and bubblegum in e-cigarettes are deliberately aimed at teens and young adults. These flavors mask the harshness of nicotine and make the products seem fun and harmless.



Moreover, by partnering with celebrities and popular <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/social-media-break-can-significantly-improve-mental-health/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">social media</a> influencers, they create an illusion of glamour and social acceptance around smoking and vaping. This makes these products seem desirable and trendy.



Images of happy groups using tobacco or vaping products create the false perception that "everyone's doing it." This taps into the natural teenage desire to feel included and can pressure teens to experiment to avoid feeling left out.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-from-social-media-scrolling-to-smoking">From social media scrolling to smoking</h2>



The Boston University study reveals critical details about the tactics social media uses to influence teens' tobacco use. Surprisingly, teens who use social media every day are at the highest risk. 



This underscores how repeated exposure to pro-tobacco messages and images gradually breaks down their resistance and makes smoking seem more normal.



Even seemingly small <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/how-you-use-social-media-affects-your-sense-of-happiness/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">interactions</a>, like liking or following a tobacco brand's page, increases a teen's risk of trying tobacco. These actions make teens more receptive to the idea of smoking, slowly changing their perception of the product.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-influencers-and-social-norming">Influencers and "social norming"</h2>



As discussed, social media often presents a highly edited and unrealistic view of the world. When teens constantly see their peers or favorite influencers seemingly enjoying tobacco products without consequences, it has a dangerous impact.



This constant exposure normalizes tobacco use. It makes smoking and vaping seem like harmless everyday activities rather than a serious health risk.



Images of others seemingly having fun while using tobacco can trigger FOMO (Fear Of Missing Out) in teens. This powerful emotion can push teens to experiment with tobacco just to feel like they belong to the perceived "in" crowd.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-who-is-responsible">Who is responsible?</h2>



"It is not surprising that tobacco manufacturers target youth through social media,” says study coauthor Dr. Traci Hong, professor of media science at Boston University College of Communication.



Currently, the burden of regulating tobacco promotion on social media is largely left up to the platforms themselves. This has resulted in a confusing patchwork of policies that tobacco companies are all too adept at exploiting.



"Based on our research, social media platforms lack self-regulation,” says study coauthor Dr. Jessica Fetterman, assistant professor of medicine at Boston University <a href="https://www.bumc.bu.edu/camed/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Chobanian &amp; Avedisian School of Medicine</a>. "The government must step forward to regulate tobacco marketing on social media, just as they have done for other forms of media such as TV and print ads.”



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-how-to-stop-teens-on-social-media-from-smoking">How to stop teens on social media from smoking?</h2>



We can't place the entire burden on legislation. Here's what parents, educators, and teens themselves can do:



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-talk-openly">Talk openly</h3>



Equipping our teens with the knowledge and tools to resist social media manipulation is crucial. Don't wait until you suspect a problem. Begin talking to teens about the dangers of tobacco use, including cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and vaping products, well before they enter their teenage years.



Provide teens with accurate information about the addictive nature of tobacco and the serious health risks associated with its use. Highlight the long-term consequences like lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory problems.



Practice how teens can politely decline social pressure to experiment with tobacco. Role-playing potential situations and responses can empower them to make healthy choices.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-media-literacy-nbsp">Media literacy&nbsp;</h3>



Help teens understand that not everything they see on social media is real, honest, or unbiased. Teach them to be savvy consumers of online content by asking themselves these key questions:



<ul>
<li>Who created this content? Is it an individual, a brand, an influencer, a news organization, etc.? Understanding the source helps evaluate potential motives.</li>
</ul>



<ul>
<li>What is the purpose? Are they trying to sell something, promote an idea, entertain, or inform? Identifying the purpose reveals possible biases.</li>
</ul>



<ul>
<li>How does this make me feel? Does the content make you feel insecure, excited, happy, or afraid? Strong emotions can be a sign of manipulation.</li>
</ul>



<ul>
<li>Does this seem realistic? Is the content portraying situations or lifestyles that seem overly perfect or dramatic? Perfection is often a sign of staging, not reality.</li>
</ul>



<ul>
<li>Where else can I find information? Encourage teens to cross-check facts on reputable news sites, government health websites (.gov), or educational organizations (.org) to see if the information aligns.</li>
</ul>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-find-alternative-connections">Find alternative connections</h3>



While social media can offer a form of connection, it cannot replace the value of genuine, face-to-face interactions. Sports teams, clubs, and activities provide a space for teens to meet others with shared interests. This fosters deeper friendships based on real connections, common experiences, and shared goals.



Focusing on in-person activities helps combat the feelings of loneliness and isolation that can result from excessive social media use.



Face-to-face interactions are essential for developing crucial communication skills like reading body language, resolving conflict, and having meaningful conversations – skills that don't always translate well online.



Feeling part of a team, contributing to a group project, or performing in front of an audience can all build confidence and self-worth – something that isn't as easily achieved through social media likes and comments.



Physical activity, creative pursuits, and shared hobbies offer healthy ways to manage stress and promote overall well-being.



Developing a healthy skepticism of online content takes time and practice. Encourage teens to have these conversations with friends, teachers, and parents as they navigate social media. Let's help our youth be smarter than the algorithms designed to manipulate them.



The study is published in <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460324000492?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Addictive Behaviors</a>.



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Daily social media use makes teens more likely to start smoking

The tobacco industry may have found a new way to...

Are you a parent who sometimes feels lonely, isolated, and burned out? You're not the only one. A new survey from the Ohio State University <a href="https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Wexner Medical Center</a> reveals an epidemic of parental loneliness. 



<a href="https://www.earth.com/news/parents-spend-the-most-time-on-devices-but-nature-offers-a-solution/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Parents</a> might miss the "small talk" and casual conversations that validate their parenting experiences. Fortunately, there are ways to combat the loneliness and connect with similar people.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-lonely-parents-epidemic">Lonely parents epidemic</h2>



According to the research, 66% of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/what-are-the-top-concerns-of-parents-as-kids-return-to-school/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">parents</a> feel that parenthood can be isolating and lonely. This means that more than half of all parents experience times when they feel cut off from others and lacking in social connection. This feeling can be incredibly difficult, especially while navigating the demands of raising children.



Moreover, 62% of parents experience burnout. Over half of parents experience extreme exhaustion – physically, mentally, and emotionally – stemming from their parenting responsibilities. It's a sign that parents are being stretched too thin.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-both-physical-and-mental-health-is-impacted">Both physical and mental health is impacted</h2>



38% of <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/sleep-debt-new-parents-lose-two-months-of-sleep-in-a-babys-first-year/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">parents</a> feel unsupported in their parenting role. More than a third of parents feel they don't have a strong network of people to turn to for help, advice, or simply a listening ear. That lack of support adds another layer of stress to parenthood.



79% of parents want to connect with others outside of work and home. The overwhelming majority of parents are actively seeking ways to build bonds with other adults – to find community, share experiences, and feel less alone in their parenting journey.



"Loneliness has been shown to affect both your physical and mental health. So anything from cardiovascular disease to depression, anxiety, cognitive decline, even your immune system can be affected when you’re lonely, said Kate Gawlik, a researcher on parental burnout and mother of four. 



"In fact, one study showed if you are in social isolation for a prolonged amount of time, it’s equivalent to smoking about 15 cigarettes a day," she continued.



Clearly, prioritizing connection in parenthood has a huge payoff for our well-being!



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-community-for-lonely-parents">Community for lonely parents</h2>



One of the most effective ways to combat <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/parents-play-a-crucial-role-in-the-evolution-of-intelligence/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">parental</a> loneliness is by finding community – a place where parents can connect with others who truly understand their experiences.



Kate Gawlik's six-week parenting program is a great example of this type of community. Within these groups, parents are encouraged to open up about their challenges, their frustrations, and even their failures. This shared vulnerability creates a safe space where parents can feel seen, heard, and supported.



“I think the biggest thing is she validated that if you’re working and you have children and you’re a conscientious parent, it would be wild if you weren’t burned out. So I felt very validated when she said, “It’s okay that you’re here,” expressed Anne Helms, a mother of two young children in Columbus, Ohio.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-how-does-community-building-help-lonely-parents">How does community building help lonely parents?</h2>



The research highlights a crucial aspect of fighting loneliness: finding people who understand what you're going through. Here's why it's so important:



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-relatability-helps">Relatability helps</h3>



Loneliness often comes with a deep sense of being misunderstood – the feeling that your struggles are unique and invisible to others. It's like you're shouting into the void, and no one hears you.



But when you connect with someone facing similar challenges, a remarkable shift occurs. Suddenly, your experiences are reflected back at you. Your worries, frustrations, and even your moments of doubt are echoed in another person's words. 



This creates a profound feeling of recognition. You're no longer alone in your struggles; there's someone else standing right beside you on the same difficult path.



This mirroring of experiences chips away at that invisible wall of isolation. It replaces the feeling of being profoundly different with the comforting knowledge that even in our unique circumstances, the core of human experience is shared.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-lonely-parents-need-validation">Lonely parents need validation</h3>



Loneliness often makes us question our own emotions. We might feel ashamed of our struggles, worry they're a sign of weakness, or believe that we're the only ones experiencing such difficulties.



When someone says, "I get it, I've felt that too," it's incredibly powerful. It's as if an invisible weight is lifted. Suddenly, those emotions you've been carrying alone don't seem as strange or overwhelming. They shift from a sign of being "abnormal" to a normal and shared part of the human experience.



This validation is essential because it fights the core of loneliness – the sense of being disconnected and different. When someone accepts your experiences without judgment, they create a space where you can feel seen and understood. This acceptance helps alleviate the isolating belief that no one else could possibly understand what you're going through.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-helping-lonely-parents-feel-empowered">Helping lonely parents feel empowered</h3>



One of the most empowering aspects of overcoming parental loneliness is the realization that you're not alone. Sharing experiences with others facing similar struggles creates a sense of collective strength, where parents can draw on each other's resilience and find support. 



This sharing of experiences also leads to practical solutions. Parents can learn new coping mechanisms, discover helpful resources, and gain fresh perspectives on common challenges. 



Ultimately, it breaks the cycle of doubt that loneliness often fuels. By hearing others overcome similar difficulties, parents see firsthand that challenges are a normal part of the journey. This fosters a sense of "we can do this" – a belief in their ability to face obstacles and emerge stronger. 



In essence, overcoming parental loneliness isn't just about feeling better; it's about feeling empowered. It's about building a supportive network that acknowledges the challenges of parenthood and equips parents with the tools and confidence to thrive.



“I think it equips us to create better futures for our children; I think it makes us healthier. I think that the ripple effect from connecting with other parents and getting support when you need it is immeasurable. It makes you a better employee. It makes you a better spouse, parent, friend. I think that it just enriches our lives … just like parenting does, but it just makes you level up.” said Anne Helms. 



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-action-steps-for-parents-how-to-break-the-loneliness-cycle">Action steps for parents: How to break the loneliness cycle</h2>



If you're feeling the weight of parental isolation, taking action can make a huge difference. Here's how to break the cycle and start connecting:



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-think-outside-the-box">Think outside the box </h3>



"Parenting groups" might be the first thing that comes to mind, but don't limit yourself! 



Consider your interests and look for communities around those. Do you enjoy reading? Join a book club. Interested in fitness? Check out parent-and-child exercise classes. Love a particular sport? 



Seek out recreational leagues where parents can connect on the sidelines. The key is finding places with built-in opportunities for interaction.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-be-brave-take-the-initiative">Be brave, take the initiative</h3>



It might feel intimidating to reach out to new people, but remember that other parents might be feeling just as lonely. Schedule a playdate with that mom from daycare you haven't gotten to know yet. 



Strike up a conversation with another parent at the park. These small steps matter and your vulnerability can encourage others to connect as well.



<h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-don-t-forget-about-yourself">Don't forget about yourself</h3>



Self-care isn't just a buzzword; it's a necessity. Even 10 minutes of quiet time, a relaxing bath, or a walk in nature can make a huge difference in how you cope with stress. When you feel less overwhelmed, you have more energy to invest in building connections with others.



“Parenting can feel very lonely at times, but it will be easier if you have people around who can support you. It can be hard to start seeking out connections because, to some degree, you will have to be vulnerable and, sometimes, it will take time and effort. But just take the first step,” explained Gawlik.



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Parents often feel lonely and burnt out from parenting demands

Are you a parent who sometimes feels lonely, isolated, and...

Have you ever scrolled through your old contacts or social media and thought, "Should I reach out?" Maybe you shared hilarious inside jokes, supported each other through tough times, or simply had a blast hanging out. Many assume that reconnecting with old <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/reaching-out-to-your-friends-means-more-than-you-think/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">friends</a> is less daunting than meeting new people. 



However, recent research by Simon Fraser University (<a href="https://www.sfu.ca" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">SFU</a>) and the <a href="https://www.sussex.ac.uk" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">University of Sussex</a> challenges this belief. Psychologists found that many hesitate to reconnect with an old friend just as much as they would avoid a conversation with a stranger.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-why-old-friendships-fade">Why old friendships fade</h2>



The demands of our daily lives can be overwhelming. Work deadlines loom, families need our attention, and personal goals often require focus and dedication. Sometimes, amidst the whirlwind, even important relationships like friendships can unintentionally take a backseat. 



This gradual drifting apart is a natural part of life as priorities shift and circumstances change. While the busyness of life is inevitable, science has repeatedly shown that our social connections are not merely a luxury. They are a vital pillar of our overall happiness and well-being.



While life's responsibilities are important, it's essential to remember that the happiness and support we derive from strong <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/childhood-friends-smarter/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">friendships</a> are not just "nice to have" – they are deeply intertwined with our overall health and quality of life.



The friends who make us laugh until our sides hurt don't just provide fleeting amusement. They create positive memories that boost our mood and reduce stress, even long after the shared giggle is over.



Moreover, <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/friendship-jealousy-can-actually-create-a-happy-ending/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">friends</a> who listen without judgment, offer a shoulder to cry on, and genuinely celebrate our successes form an invaluable support system that helps us navigate both challenges and victories.



Having a circle of friends we can be our true selves around fosters a sense of community and acceptance, crucial components of mental and emotional well-being.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-reconnecting-with-old-friends">Reconnecting with old friends</h2>



Psychologists at Simon Fraser University and the University of Sussex shared our curiosity about the "lost <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/good-friends-key-happiness/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">friend</a>" phenomenon. Why do we often let those once-cherished connections fade away without even trying to rekindle them? To answer this, they embarked on a series of experiments, peeling back the layers of our reluctance. 



“We found that the majority of participants (90 per cent) in our first study had lost touch with a someone they still care about. Yet, a significant number (70 per cent) were neutral, or even negative, about the idea of getting back in touch in that moment, even when they felt warmly about the friendship,” said Lara Aknin, director of the Helping and Happiness Lab at SFU and co-author of the paper.



People are as hesitant to reach out to an old friend as they are to strike up a conversation with a stranger, even when they had the capacity and desire to do so. This surprising finding reveals a deep-seated fear of rejection or indifference, making that old friend suddenly feel as unknown as someone we pass on the street.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-additional-factors">Additional factors</h2>



We are our own worst critics, replaying old conversations and cringing at long-ago memories. These mental gymnastics convince us that bridging the gap of time will inevitably be awkward or unwelcome. Our minds paint a picture of the other person having moved on, leaving us a relic of the past.



Moreover, we often assume that our old friend is just as swamped and overwhelmed as we are, making a reconnection seem impractical. However, the study surprisingly revealed that lack of time was one of the least cited reasons for not reaching out. 



This exposes a different truth: it's not about time, but rather about the perceived awkwardness and a fear of our efforts being unreciprocated.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-are-we-overthinking-this">Are we overthinking this?</h2>



Our minds build up narratives that our old friend has probably forgotten about us, has a whole new circle, or simply won't be as excited to hear from us as we would be to hear from them. 



In reality, the researchers found that those fears are often wildly inaccurate. There's a good chance our old friend is also thinking about us, remembering good times, and wishing life hadn't gotten in the way.



The problem is, we've created this imaginary standoff. We're stuck in our own heads, desperately waiting for the other person to break the ice. It becomes a classic "after you" situation, where both people want to connect but neither wants to take the risk of being the first to reach out. 



It's a testament to how easily our anxieties can overshadow the potential joy of reconnecting with an old <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/friends-think-alike/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">friend</a>.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-practice-reconnecting-with-friends">Practice reconnecting with friends</h2>



“We live in a time when people are more and more disconnected, and have fewer close friends than they used to in years past. And this is despite the multitude of modern-day communication channels available to us,” said Sandstrom, senior lecturer in the psychology of kindness and director of the Sussex Centre for Research on Kindness.



While it might seem counterintuitive, one of the most effective ways to overcome our hesitation about reconnecting to an old friend is to start by connecting with people we're currently close to. 



It sounds simple, but the researchers found that taking the time to send a quick text, message, or even make a phone call to someone in our existing social circle helps to break the ice. 



This practice serves as a warm-up for our social skills, making the idea of reaching back into the past feel less intimidating and more natural.



The study is published in the journal <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s44271-024-00075-8" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Communications Psychology</a>.



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Reconnecting with old friends is as scary as making new ones

Have you ever scrolled through your old contacts or social...

Did you know that the gender of your <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/doctors-are-stressed-at-work-and-at-home-during-pandemic/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">doctor</a> could influence your health outcomes? That's right, a new study has uncovered some fascinating – and potentially life-altering – differences between how male and female physicians practice medicine.



This intriguing finding opens up a conversation about the subtle differences in how male and female doctors practice medicine and their impact on patient care



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-female-doctors-and-patient-health">Female doctors and patient health</h2>



Researchers at <a href="https://www.ucla.edu" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">UCLA</a> meticulously analyzed a massive collection of medical records – over 770,000 in total. This extensive dataset allowed them to spot trends and patterns that might not be visible in a smaller study. They honed in specifically on patients who had been hospitalized, as that's a critical point in the healthcare journey.



The study revealed that patients of both genders had slightly better survival chances within the 30-day period following their hospital stay if their attending physician was a woman. Importantly, this positive effect was even stronger when the patient was female.



Another key finding was that patients, regardless of gender, were less likely to need readmission to the hospital within 30 days of discharge when treated by a female physician.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-does-this-mean-female-doctors-are-better">Does this mean female doctors are better?</h2>



The situation isn't as straightforward as simply saying one gender makes a better <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/doctors-are-using-emoji-to-diagnose-patients-in-clinics-and-hospitals/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">doctor</a>. It's tempting to jump to conclusions, but this research doesn't support the idea that male doctors are inherently less skilled. 



The research underscores a key insight: male and female physicians often differ subtly in their patient care approaches. These nuanced, perhaps subconscious, differences in doctor-patient interactions and decision-making can significantly affect a patient's health and recovery.



Studies suggest that biases might sometimes creep in. Male doctors, though well-intentioned, might underestimate the severity of symptoms reported by female patients. This misjudgment could lead to less aggressive or delayed treatment, impacting the patient's outcome.



Some experts observe that female physicians might have <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/most-people-lying-doctor/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">communication</a> styles better suited to building trust and rapport with female patients. 



Stronger doctor-patient communication could lead to more complete information sharing, better diagnoses, and more effective treatment plans.



Female patients may feel more at ease discussing sensitive or potentially embarrassing health issues with a female doctor. This increased comfort level could make them more likely to share vital details, allowing for better-informed medical decisions and positively influencing their health journey.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-critical-role-of-female-physicians">Critical role of female physicians</h2>



This study opens a fascinating door, but it doesn't give us all the answers. We need to dig deeper to pinpoint the exact reasons why patients, particularly female patients, seem to have slightly better outcomes when treated by female physicians. 



Is it communication style? Implicit bias? A mix of factors? More research is crucial to answer these questions fully.



Sadly, even with their proven skills and contributions, female <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/future-doctors-and-nurses-need-more-training-in-disaster-medicine/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">doctors</a> often earn less than their male counterparts for the same work. This study is yet another reminder of the incredible value they bring to the healthcare system. 



Closing the pay gap isn't just about fairness; it's about recognizing the critical role female physicians play in improving health outcomes for everyone.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-study-significance">Study significance</h2>



The deeper we understand the factors behind these findings, the better we can design training and systems to improve patient care across the board. This benefits everyone, regardless of the gender of their <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/doctors-work-cut-fake-news-online-misinformation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">doctor</a>.



When everyone is compensated fairly, it attracts the best and brightest to the medical field. Ensuring pay equity could mean an even stronger healthcare system for everyone.



“What our findings indicate is that female and male physicians practice medicine differently, and these differences have a meaningful impact on patients' health outcomes,” said Dr. Yusuke Tsugawa. He is the associate professor-in-residence of medicine in the division of general internal medicine and health services research at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and the study’s senior author. 



“Further research on the underlying mechanisms linking physician gender with patient outcomes, and why the benefit of receiving the treatment from female physicians is larger for female patients, has the potential to improve patient outcomes across the board," Tsugawa concluded.



While your doctor's gender shouldn't be the only factor in your decision-making, this study reminds us that it might carry more weight than we previously thought. If you're searching for a doctor, it's definitely worth considering whether a female physician might be a better fit based on your personal needs.



The study is published in the peer-reviewed journal&nbsp;<a href="https://www.acpjournals.org/doi/10.7326/M23-3163" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Annals of Internal Medicine</a>.



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Female doctors show significantly better patient health outcomes

Did you know that the gender of your doctor could...

Serious wine aficionados often rave about the distinctive flavors in their favorite beverages, attributing the unique tastes to the soil in which the grapes are grown. This concept, known as terroir, refers to how a region's natural environment - including its soil, climate, and topography - influence the flavor of wine. 



But what about other crops? Can the microscopic organisms in the soil also play a role in determining the <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/scientists-have-trained-an-ai-algorithm-to-taste-wine/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">flavors</a> of the foods we eat?



In a pioneering study, former PhD student Corrine Walsh and CIRES fellow Noah Fierer led researchers in exploring this intriguing question. The analysis was focused on one particular aspect of plant flavor: the spiciness of mustard seeds. 



"I thought that was an interesting question," said Walsh. "We know <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/good-microbes-in-tea-roots-grow-tastier-healthier-plants/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">microbes</a> and plants communicate via chemicals - could those chemicals impact plant flavor?"



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-digging-deeper-soil-microbes-and-food-flavor">Digging deeper: Soil microbes and food flavor</h2>



Previous studies have shown that soil characteristics significantly affect plant growth, disease resistance, and nutrient uptake. However, due to the complexities involved in isolating these effects, researchers have largely left the potential influence of soil microbes on <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/old-trick-turns-plant-based-cheese-into-something-that-actually-tastes-good/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">plant flavor</a> unexplored.



"It is often claimed that the types of microbes found in soil should influence <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/cyber-agriculture-tastier-crops/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">crop flavor</a>," Fierer noted, highlighting the difficulties in studying soil microbes.



To address this, Walsh and Fierer employed a unique method. They conducted a greenhouse experiment, growing mustard plants with a liquid inoculum of microbes sourced from various Colorado environments, including aspen groves, sagebrush fields, ponderosa pine forests, and agricultural pastures.



To ensure that only the microbial variables were altered, the researchers maintained consistent conditions such as potting soil, temperature, watering, and nutrients.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-spice-of-life-why-mustard">The spice of life: Why mustard?</h2>



The researchers chose mustard for its simplicity to grow and its relevance in the Brassica family, known for producing vegetables with distinct spicy and bitter flavors like broccoli, cabbage, and horseradish.



These flavors primarily stem from glucosinolates, chemicals that defend the plants against pests and diseases. 



"When you cook them they have that kind of sulfury smell. The glucosinolates have a sulfur compound in them, and that's what you're smelling when you cook," noted Walsh.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-the-quest-for-spicy-seeds">The quest for spicy seeds</h2>



After harvesting, the researchers analyzed the mustard seeds for glucosinolate concentrations to measure their spiciness, instead of subjecting them to taste tests.



Although the experiment faced challenges due to the changing nature of the microbiomes, it revealed a connection between the microbiome and seed chemistry. However, the specifics of this relationship, including the direction and mechanisms, remain unclear.



Walsh reflected on the complexity of controlling biological variables. "The way the microbiomes diverged over time throughout the experiment made it hard to test some of our hypotheses of microbes affecting flavor," she said. "We found a relationship, but the direction and mechanism of that relationship remain unknown."



<h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-future-flavors-the-potential-of-microbial-probiotics">Future flavors: The potential of microbial probiotics</h2>



Despite these challenges, the study provided preliminary evidence that <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/soil-microbes-disease-resistance/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">soil microbes</a> might influence the spiciness of mustard seeds. 



This discovery opens up exciting possibilities for using microbial "probiotics" to enhance other crop properties, such as drought resistance and productivity, potentially impacting flavor as well.



The research marks an important step in understanding the complex interactions between soil microbes and plant flavors.



"We do now know that microbes are worth considering in this venue. There is excitement about using microbial inoculants to do other things for crops," said Walsh. 



This ongoing exploration of microbial influence not only broadens our understanding of agriculture but also hints at future innovations in enhancing the flavors of our favorite foods.



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Soil and food flavor</h2>



The soil in which food crops are grown can significantly influence their flavor. This effect is due to various factors, including the soil's mineral composition, pH level, organic matter content, and moisture levels.&nbsp;



These elements affect how the plants absorb <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/scientists-find-proteins-that-control-nutrient-uptake-in-plants/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">nutrients</a> and develop their compounds, which in turn can influence their taste, aroma, and nutritional value.



Certain minerals like selenium, zinc, and magnesium can enhance specific flavors in crops. In addition, the acidity or alkalinity of soil can affect how well plants take up nutrients, altering flavor profiles.



Furthermore, rich organic soil often leads to stronger, more robust flavors in vegetables and fruits.



The study is published in the journal <a href="https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.19708" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">New Phytologist</a>.



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Soil microbes may shape the flavor of food

Serious wine aficionados often rave about the distinctive flavors in...

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Today’s Video of the Day from the <a href="https://www.esa.int/">European Space Agency</a> features Nushagak Bay, a large estuary in southwest Alaska. Nushagak runs mainly north to south and exits in Bristol Bay, a large body of water in the Bering Sea.



"The bay is primarily fed by the Nushagak River, which begins in the Alaska Range and flows southwest approximately 450 km. The bay is also fed by several additional rivers including the Wood, Igushik, Snake and Weary rivers," says ESA.



"The dark colors of the Nushagak River are most likely due to tannins or lignins (chemical substances found in plants). Tannins and lignins from roots, leaves, seeds, bark and soil can leach into the water and give it a brown or even black colour. The sediments then flow southwards where it is mixed with the bluer waters of the bay."



Video/ Image Credit: ESA



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By <a href="http://csexton@earth.com">Chrissy Sexton</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff/">Earth.com</a> Staff Writer

Nushagak Bay in southwest Alaska

[sendtonews key="0ynNMYkMKa-2340414-12187" type="single"] Today’s Video of the Day from the...

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Today's Video of the Day from the <a href="https://www.acs.org/">American Chemical Society</a> (ACS) reveals that proteins on flu viruses are actually flexible, tilting and waving in a “breath-like” motion. According to the experts, these proteins could be used to better defend against the flu.



"The main antigenic targets of influenza virus are two surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Whereas the structural and dynamical properties of both glycoproteins have been studied previously, the understanding of their plasticity in the whole-virion context is fragmented," wrote the researchers.



To investigate, the team conducted detailed simulations of the influenza A H1N1 virion, or the swine flu. The experts concluded that the visualizations show many new vulnerable states of flu viruses, which could improve future vaccines and antiviral drugs.



Video/ Image Credit: American Chemical Society&nbsp;



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By <a href="mailto:csexton@earth.com">Chrissy Sexton</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff/">Earth.com</a> Editor



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Flu viruses are more flexible than expected

[sendtonews key="G9bUoxcjr4-2511624-12187" type="single"] Today's Video of the Day from the...

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Today’s Video of the Day from the <a href="https://www.esa.int/">European Space Agency</a> features Lake Trasimeno, which is located west of Perugia in central Italy. It is the fourth largest lake in the country. While Trasimeno’s water level varies, it has a maximum depth of approximately six meters.&nbsp;



"In this Copernicus Sentinel-2 image, captured on 6 August 2022, the lake’s emerald green colour is likely due to the presence of phytoplankton. Streaks in the water, particularly visible in the west, indicate the presence of soil and sediments which have been stirred up by winds. Dark colored waters in the southern part of the lake indicate a presence of submerged and floating macrophytes (aquatic plants) as well as algae," says ESA.



"Surrounded by hills on three sides, Trasimeno is subject to heavy storms created by winds, especially from the north and west. There are three islets in the lake: Maggiore, Minore and Polvese (the largest). The lake’s shores are sparsely inhabited with only two popular villages: Castiglione del Lago and Passignano sul Trasimeno."



"Italy is experiencing its worst drought in 70 years which has affected drinking water supplies, hydroelectric power and agricultural production. High temperatures, hot winds and lack of rainfall are the main causes of drought in the Umbrian region which saw Lake Trasimeno’s drop 1.3 m, reaching the limit of the hydrometric zero in July 2022."



Video/Image Credit: ESA&nbsp;



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By <a href="http://csexton@earth.com">Chrissy Sexton</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff/">Earth.com</a> Staff Writer

Lake Trasimeno in Central Italy

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Today's Video of the Day from the <a href="https://www.acs.org/">American Chemical Society</a> describes a new self-powered nanosensor that can instantly detect mercury contamination with the tap of a finger.&nbsp;



The oxidized form of mercury can be harmful when it is ingested through contaminated water or food. This makes it necessary for experts to develop sensors that can quickly and accurately detect the presence of mercury.&nbsp;



Zong-Hong Lin and colleagues have now created a triboelectric nanosensor (TENS) that can detect mercury by simply by touching a sample. According to the researchers, their TENS could serve as the basis for similar devices to safely and remotely monitor other pollutants.



Video Credit: American Chemical Society&nbsp;



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By <a href="mailto:csexton@earth.com">Chrissy Sexton</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff/">Earth.com</a> Editor



Check us out on <a href="https://www.earth.com/earthsnap/">EarthSnap</a>, a free app brought to you by Eric Ralls and Earth.com.

Detecting mercury contamination with the tap of a finger

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Today’s Video of the Day from the <a href="https://www.esa.int/">European Space Agency</a> features Kainji Lake, a reservoir on the Niger River.



In 1968, Kainji Lake was created by the construction of the Kainji Dam. The Niger River, the third longest in Africa, enters the lake in the north.&nbsp;



According to <a href="https://www.earth.com/news/rivers-in-the-american-west-are-a-lifesaving-resource-for-birds/">ESA</a>, the creation of the lake submerged Foge Island and the town of Bussa and permanently flooded other riverine settlements, leaving around 50,000 people displaced.&nbsp;



Large parts of Foge Island are temporarily exposed during low water tides, and the land is often used by migrating fishermen. Kainji Dam is a dam across the Niger River in Niger State of Central Nigeria. 



Wild mammals occur at relatively low densities due to illegal hunting. Lake Kainji has suffered a dramatic decline as a fishery due to the high numbers of artisanal and subsistence fisherfolk using the lake. It has been suggested that a period of closure, together with controlled fishing rights may help improve fish stocks.



Kainji Lake National Park is the oldest of its kind in Nigeria. The park contains three distinct areas: a part of the Kainji Lake, the Borgu Game Reserve to the west of the lake, and the Zugurma Game Reserve to the southeast. The park is home to around 65 mammal species, 350 bird species, and 30 species of reptiles and amphibians. 



Video/ Image Credit: European Space Agency&nbsp;



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By <a href="mailto:csexton@earth.com">Chrissy Sexton</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff/">Earth.com</a> Editor



Check us out on <a href="https://www.earth.com/earthsnap/">EarthSnap</a>, a free app brought to you by Eric Ralls and Earth.com.

Kainji Lake in north central Nigeria

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Today’s Video of the Day from <a href="https://www.igb.illinois.edu/">Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology</a> reveals how scientists can modify common crops like soybean, rice, and wheat to protect them from heat stress.



“We need to double crop production by 2050 to feed a growing global population, and not only are we not on track to do that, but climate change is further complicating things,” said Amanda Cavanagh, a lecturer at the University of Essex. 



The study is part of Realizing Increased Photosynthetic Efficiency (RIPE), an international research project that aims to develop food crops that turn the sun’s energy into food more efficiently.



“Using an engineering approach we designed multiple alternative metabolic pathways to photorespiration. Testing them in the field showed increases in productivity which led Amanda to significantly move the project forward by showing our engineered plants can withstand pretty extreme temperature stress,” said study co-author and RIPE researcher Paul South.&nbsp;



“As the climate changes and temperature stresses increase the pressure on our global food supply, farmers will need every tool available including engineering approaches like the synthetic biology used here to maintain safe and productive harvests.”



The experts tested plants modified to have more efficient photorespiration to see if they were better adapted to warmer temperatures.&nbsp;



The team found that the engineered plants produced 26 percent more biomass than the wild-type plants exposed to the same temperatures, and had 15 percent less yield loss under the higher temperatures.



Video Credit: Amanda Nguyen/University of Illinois



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By <a href="mailto:csexton@earth.com">Chrissy Sexton</a>, <a href="https://www.earth.com/staff/">Earth.com</a> Editor



Check us out on <a href="https://www.earth.com/earthsnap/">EarthSnap</a>, a free app brought to you by Eric Ralls and Earth.com.

Designing crops that can beat the heat

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33 Most Scenic Camping Places in the United States